The Toll Pathway in the Central Nervous System of Flies and Mammals

Toll receptors, first identified to regulate embryogenesis and immune responses in the adult fly and subsequently defined as the principal sensors of infection in mammals, are increasingly appreciated for their impact on the homeostasis of the central as well as the peripheral nervous systems. Where...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuromolecular medicine 2018-12, Vol.20 (4), p.419-436
Main Authors: Shmueli, Anat, Shalit, Tali, Okun, Eitan, Shohat-Ophir, Galit
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Central nervous system
Embryogenesis
Homeostasis
Immune response
Internal Medicine
Mammals
Nervous system
Neurology
Neurosciences
Review Paper
Toll-like receptors
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Summary:Toll receptors, first identified to regulate embryogenesis and immune responses in the adult fly and subsequently defined as the principal sensors of infection in mammals, are increasingly appreciated for their impact on the homeostasis of the central as well as the peripheral nervous systems. Whereas in the context of immunity, the fly Toll and the mammalian TLR pathways have been researched in parallel, the expression pattern and functionality have largely been researched disparately. Herein, we provide data on the expression pattern of the Toll homologues, signaling components, and downstream effectors in ten different cell populations of the adult fly central nervous system (CNS). We have compared the expression of the different Toll pathways in the fly to the expression of TLRs in the mouse brain and discussed the implications with respect to commonalities, differences, and future perspectives.
ISSN:1535-1084
1559-1174
DOI:10.1007/s12017-018-8515-9