Insecticide Susceptibility of Euschistus heros (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Brazil

• Published in: Journal of economic entomology 2009-06, Vol.102 (3), p.1209-1216
• Main Authors: Sosa-GóMez, Daniel R, Da Silva, Jovenil J, De Oliveira Negrao Lopes, Ivani, Corso, Ivan C, Almeida, Alvaro M. R, Piubelli De Moraes, Giorla C, Baur, Matthew E
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis of Variance; Animals; bioassays; Biological and medical sciences; Brazil; Control; Data processing; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endosulfan; Endosulfan - toxicity; enzyme activity; esterase; esterase bioassay; esterases; Euschistus heros; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Generalities; geographical variation; Glycine max; Hemiptera; Heros; Heteroptera - drug effects; Insect Control - statistics & numerical data; Insecta; insecticide resistance; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE AND RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT; Insecticides; Insecticides - toxicity; Invertebrates; lethal dose; methamidophos; mortality; neonicotinoid; Neotropical brown stink bug; organophosphates; Organothiophosphorus Compounds - toxicity; Pentatomidae; Pesticides; Phosphoramides; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; Protozoa. Invertebrates; resistance mechanisms; Soybeans; surveys; topical application; toxicity
• ISSN: 0022-0493; 1938-291X; 0022-0493
• DOI: 10.1603/029.102.0346

Euschistus heros (F.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is the most prevalent stink bug pest in Brazil, and populations can be difficult to manage using organophosphates or endosulfan. Because E. heros is difficult to rear in the laboratory, no baseline insecticide susceptibility data have been published. Therefore, we conducted dose-mortality studies using field-collected insects, and, using the results from the dose-mortality studies, we surveyed susceptibility to acephate, methamidophos, and endosulfan in populations from southern and central Brazil. In addition, esterase activity was evaluated among populations as these enzymes have been related to organophosphate resistance. Finally, newer chemistries were evaluated for E. heros population management in small-plot field studies. In the dose-mortality bioassays, variation in susceptibility to methamidophos and endosulfan among populations was significant, but the variation in susceptibility to acephate was not. The population from Londrina (at the Embrapa Soybean Research Station, northern Parana state) was among the most susceptible, whereas the population from Pedrinhas Paulista (southwestern Sao Paulo state) was among the least susceptible. Significant variation among populations was observed in esterase activity with the population from Pedrinhas Paulista having the highest esterase levels and the population from Londrina having among the lowest levels. To survey populations, we used the dose-mortality data for the Londrina population (because it was, consistently, one of the most susceptible populations) to estimate the insecticide concentration that killed 99% of the population (LC99). The corresponding doses were 5.9 µg (AI) of acephate adult-1, 0.7 µg (AI) methamidophos adult-1, and 1,600 µg (AI) endosulfan adult-1. The survey data confirmed the data from the dose-mortality bioassays in that the population from Pedrinhas Paulista was identified as one of the least susceptible and the population from Londrina was one of the most susceptible. The field tests confirmed that older chemistries provided minimal control (60%).