Effect of Gender and Genetic Mutations on Outcomes in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

• Published in: The American journal of cardiology 2018-12, Vol.122 (11), p.1947-1954
• Main Authors: van Velzen, Hannah G., Schinkel, Arend F.L., Baart, Sara J., Huurman, Roy, van Slegtenhorst, Marjon A., Kardys, Isabella, Michels, Michelle
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Alcohol; Cardiac arrhythmia; Cardiomyopathy; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic - epidemiology; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic - genetics; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic - physiopathology; Cardiovascular diseases; Congestive heart failure; Family medical history; Female; Females; Follow-Up Studies; Gender; Gender aspects; Genetic counseling; Genetic Counseling - methods; Genetic Markers - genetics; Genetic Testing - methods; Genotypes; Heart; Heart Ventricles - physiopathology; Humans; Hypertension; Incidence; Intervention; Male; Middle Aged; Mortality; Mutation; Netherlands - epidemiology; Patients; Phenotypes; Prognosis; Proteins; Regression analysis; Regression models; Retrospective Studies; Sex differences; Sex Factors; Signs and symptoms; Software; Stroke; Stroke Volume - physiology; Survival Rate - trends; Ventricle; Ventricular Function, Left - physiology
• ISSN: 0002-9149; 1879-1913
• DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.08.040

Gender has been proposed to impact the phenotype and prognosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC). Our aims were to study gender differences in the clinical presentation, phenotype, genotype, and outcome of HC. This retrospective single-center cohort study included 1,007 patients with HC (62% male, 80% genotyped) evaluated between 1977 and 2017. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models. At first evaluation, female patients presented more often with symptoms (43% vs 35%, p = 0.01), were older than male patients (56 ± 16 vs 49 ± 15 years, p