Foot pressure analysis using the emed® in typically developing children and adolescents: A summary of current techniques and typically developing cohort data for comparison with pathology

• Published in: Foot (Edinburgh, Scotland) Scotland), 2018-12, Vol.37, p.28-37
• Main Authors: Wallace, Juanita, White, Hank, Augsburger, Sam, Shapiro, Robert, Walker, Janet
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Children; Foot Pressure; Standardization; Typically Developing
• ISSN: 0958-2592; 1532-2963
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2018.04.007

•Clinicians use foot pressure normative data for comparison with pathology.•Foot pressure technology, collection procedures and post-processing vary.•Previously published normative foot pressure data is summarized.•Standardization in data collection and post processing procedures is needed. Foot pressure analysis is a valuable tool that can be used to quantify foot function in children. For researchers and clinicians who use foot pressure analysis, data from a typically developing population is used for comparison with subjects that have musculoskeletal conditions. However, differences between foot pressure data collection technology, data collection procedures and post-processing techniques make comparisons between devices, as well as direct comparisons of pediatric foot pressure data, difficult. When comparing data from multiple studies it is imperative that the studies utilize the same data collection and processing techniques, otherwise the data should not be directly compared. The purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of typically developing foot pressure data, explore factors that affect foot pressure data collection and provide suggestions for the standardization of foot pressure data collection and post processing. The results of this review demonstrate that the minimum data collection and processing recommendations for foot pressure data collection and post-processing are: using a midgait or two-step approach, allowing subjects to walk at their self-selected speed, collecting a minimum of three trials per foot, identifying at minimum medial and lateral hindfoot, forefoot, midfoot, the hallux and toes, and that parameters be reported in standard units.