There is a role for allografts in reconstructive surgery of the elbow and forearm

Purpose Allografts play an important role in tendon, ligament, and bone reconstruction surgery, particularly when suitable available autologous tissue is limited. Enthusiasm for the use of allografts in reconstructive orthopedic surgery has increased over the past decade, with an increase in allogra...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2019-06, Vol.27 (6), p.1840-1846
Main Authors: Molenaars, R. J., Schoolmeesters, B. J. A., Viveen, J., The, B., Eygendaal, D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Achilles tendon
Allografts
Autografts
Biocompatibility
Biomedical materials
Bone grafts
Bone surgery
Bone tumors
Elbow
Elbow (anatomy)
Forearm
Fractures
Knee
Lateral stability
Ligaments
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Orthopedics
Plastic surgery
Reconstructive surgery
Surgery
Transplantation
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Summary:Purpose Allografts play an important role in tendon, ligament, and bone reconstruction surgery, particularly when suitable available autologous tissue is limited. Enthusiasm for the use of allografts in reconstructive orthopedic surgery has increased over the past decade, with an increase in allograft use in a variety of procedures. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the various applications and indications for the use of allografts in reconstructive surgical procedures of the elbow and forearm. Methods MEDLINE/PubMed was searched from 1990 through October 2018 for studies on tendon and bony allografts in elbow and forearm reconstructive surgery. Results The Achilles tendon allograft is the most frequently used tendinous allograft, predominantly used in distal biceps and triceps reconstruction. Although reconstruction of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow is generally performed using autografts, it has been shown that semitendinosus and gracilis allografts may be equally effective. Extensor hallucis longus allografts are recommended for reconstruction of the lateral collateral ligaments in patients with posterolateral rotatory instability, and there may be a role for osteochondral allograft transplantation in capitellar osteochondral defects. In addition, the use of allografts in reconstruction of the interosseous membrane and various bone pathologies (fractures, bone tumors, forearm nonunions) has been described in current literature. Conclusion There is a large variety of pathology and procedures involving the use of various types of allografts in orthopedic reconstructive surgery of the elbow and forearm.
ISSN:0942-2056
1433-7347
DOI:10.1007/s00167-018-5221-y