Review of the Different Sources of Uncertainty in Single Polarization Radar-Based Estimates of Rainfall

It is well acknowledged that there are large uncertainties associated with radar-based estimates of rainfall. Numerous sources of these errors are due to parameter estimation, the observational system and measurement principles, and not fully understood physical processes. Propagation of these uncer...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Surveys in geophysics 2010-01, Vol.31 (1), p.107-129
Main Authors: Villarini, Gabriele, Krajewski, Witold F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Astronomy
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Estimating techniques
Exact sciences and technology
Geophysics
Geophysics/Geodesy
Hydrologic models
Internal geophysics
Literature reviews
Observations and Techniques
Radar
Rain
Rainfall
Remote sensing systems
Weather forecasting
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Summary:It is well acknowledged that there are large uncertainties associated with radar-based estimates of rainfall. Numerous sources of these errors are due to parameter estimation, the observational system and measurement principles, and not fully understood physical processes. Propagation of these uncertainties through all models for which radar-rainfall are used as input (e.g., hydrologic models) or as initial conditions (e.g., weather forecasting models) is necessary to enhance the understanding and interpretation of the obtained results. The aim of this paper is to provide an extensive literature review of the principal sources of error affecting single polarization radar-based rainfall estimates. These include radar miscalibration, attenuation, ground clutter and anomalous propagation, beam blockage, variability of the Z – R relation, range degradation, vertical variability of the precipitation system, vertical air motion and precipitation drift, and temporal sampling errors. Finally, the authors report some recent results from empirically-based modeling of the total radar-rainfall uncertainties. The bibliography comprises over 200 peer reviewed journal articles.
ISSN:0169-3298
1573-0956
DOI:10.1007/s10712-009-9079-x