A Systems Dynamics Approach to Explore Traffic Congestion and Air Pollution Link in the City of Accra, Ghana

Economic development and urbanization poses myriad challenges to transportation systems in relation to negative externalities such as traffic congestion and environmental health risks. Accra, the capital of Ghana, faces mounting urban planning problems, for example traffic congestion, air pollution,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sustainability 2010, Vol.2 (1), p.252-265
Main Authors: Yawson, David O, Pappoe, Alex A. N. M, Armah, Frederick A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
atmospheric pollution
Ghana
policy
Sustainability
system dynamics
traffic congestion
urban planning
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Summary:Economic development and urbanization poses myriad challenges to transportation systems in relation to negative externalities such as traffic congestion and environmental health risks. Accra, the capital of Ghana, faces mounting urban planning problems, for example traffic congestion, air pollution, traffic safety, and land use planning, among others. The paper aims to provide a system dynamics perspective of the problems. Most of the drivers and cause-effect relationships of traffic congestion and its attendant air pollution are investigated and analyzed using causal loop diagrams. The paper further suggests mechanisms by which the negative externalities associated with road transport in the city of Accra can be addressed.
ISSN:2071-1050
2071-1050
DOI:10.3390/su2010252