Changes in the biochemical and nutrient composition of seafood due to ocean acidification and warming

• Published in: Marine environmental research 2019-01, Vol.143, p.82-92
• Main Authors: Lemasson, A.J., Hall-Spencer, J.M., Kuri, V., Knights, A.M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acidification; Animals; Aquaculture; Biochemical composition; Biochemistry; Carbohydrates; Carbon Dioxide; Climate change; Composition; Crassostrea gigas; Economic benefits; Environmental stress; Fitness; Food production; Food Quality; Food security; Foods; Global change; Global Warming; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lipids; Living resources; Magallana gigas; Marine molluscs; Mineral composition; Mineral nutrients; Multi-stressors; Ocean acidification; Ostrea - chemistry; Ostrea - metabolism; Ostreidae - chemistry; Ostreidae - metabolism; Oyster; Oysters; Proteins; Safety; Seafood; Seafoods; Seawater - chemistry; Shellfish; Socioeconomic aspects; Species
• ISSN: 0141-1136; 1879-0291
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.11.006

Ocean acidification and warming may threaten future seafood production, safety and quality by negatively impacting the fitness of marine species. Identifying changes in nutritional quality, as well as species most at risk, is crucial if societies are to secure food production. Here, changes in the biochemical composition and nutritional properties of the commercially valuable oysters, Magallana gigas and Ostrea edulis, were evaluated following a 12-week exposure to six ocean acidification and warming scenarios that were designed to reflect the temperature (+3 °C above ambient) and atmospheric pCO2 conditions (increase of 350–600 ppm) predicted for the mid-to end-of-century. Results suggest that O. edulis, and especially M. gigas, are likely to become less nutritious (i.e. containing lower levels of protein, lipid, and carbohydrate), and have reduced caloric content under ocean acidification and warming. Important changes to essential mineral composition under ocean acidification and warming were evident in both species; enhanced accumulation of copper in M. gigas may be of concern regarding consumption safety. In light of these findings, the aquaculture industry may wish to consider a shift in focus toward species that are most robust to climate change and less prone to deterioration in quality, in order to secure future food provision and socio-economic benefits of aquaculture. •Ocean acidification and warming can reduce oysters nutritional quality.•Changes to nutritional composition were more pronounced in the introduced species.•Oysters displayed decreased protein, lipid, and carbohydrate contents.•Multifaceted implications for the aquaculture sector and future food security.