Association Between Early Implant Failure and Prosthodontic Characteristics

• Published in: Journal of prosthodontics 2019-01, Vol.28 (1), p.30-35
• Main Authors: Carr, Alan B., Sinha, Nikita, Lohse, Christine M., Muller, Olivia M., Salinas, Thomas J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Crowns - adverse effects; Decision making; Dental crowns; Dental Implant-Abutment Design - adverse effects; Dental implants; Dental Implants - adverse effects; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth - adverse effects; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported - adverse effects; Dental prosthetics; Dental Restoration Failure - statistics & numerical data; Early implant failure; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Proportional Hazards Models; Prostheses; Prosthodontics; Quality control; quality improvement; Regression analysis; risk; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Transplants & implants
• ISSN: 1059-941X; 1532-849X
• DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13003

Purpose To identify associations between early implant failure and prosthodontic characteristics that could be used to guide subsequent continuous quality improvement efforts of patient care. Materials and Methods An implant‐level analysis was performed in which data were ed from a prospective clinical database of all adult patients treated with implants and followed up from January 2000 through December 2014 at the Department of Dental Specialties at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. These data were used to determine time to implant failure. Associations between prosthodontic characteristics and early implant failure were evaluated with Cox proportional hazards regression models and summarized with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Among 8762 implants in 2787 patients, 395 (4.5%) failed within the first year of placement at a mean (SD) of 127 (97) days (range, 2‐364 days). Univariable analysis showed no associations between early implant failure and use of a cover screw, prosthesis, or definitive or provisional prosthesis at implant placement. Three of 25 single crowns failed, and use of a single crown was significantly associated with early implant failure (HR, 3.94; 95% CI, 1.08‐14.35; P = 0.04). This study identified no significant associations between prosthodontic characteristics identified after implant placement and early implant failure. Conclusions Use of a prosthesis at implant placement, use of a definitive or provisional prosthesis, and early mechanical complications were not associated with increased risk of early implant failure. Quality improvement efforts should focus on aspects of decision making that aim to decrease surgical complications.