Physical-chemical and ecotoxicological evaluation of water based drilling fluids used in Italian off-shore

In order to evaluate the effects on the marine ecosystem caused by an eventual discharge into sea of water based drilling fluids, as current legislation allows, chemical and ecotoxicological analyses were performed on the most common drilling muds and products used in Italian off-shore activities. T...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 1998-12, Vol.37 (14), p.2859-2871
Main Authors: Terzaghi, C., Buffagni, M., Cantelli, D., Bonfanti, P., Camatini, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Applied ecology
Artemia - drug effects
Artemia - growth & development
Artemia salina
Biodegradation
Biodegradation, Environmental
Biological and medical sciences
Drilling fluids
Ecosystem
Ecosystems
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Environmental impact
Eukaryota - drug effects
Eukaryota - growth & development
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Heavy metals
Industrial Waste - analysis
Italy
Laws and legislation
Leaching
Marine and brackish environment
Marine biodegradability
Marine pollution
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Metals, Heavy - metabolism
Phaedodactylum tricornutum
Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Sewage analysis
Solubility
Toxicity
Toxicity Tests
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
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Summary:In order to evaluate the effects on the marine ecosystem caused by an eventual discharge into sea of water based drilling fluids, as current legislation allows, chemical and ecotoxicological analyses were performed on the most common drilling muds and products used in Italian off-shore activities. The chemical analysis on drilling fluids involved the leaching test and the measurement of total content of heavy metals, whereas biodegradation tests were performed on the products used in mud's formulations. As for ecotoxicological evaluation, two marine organisms, the crustacean Artemia salina and the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, were selected to determine the LC 50 and the EC 50 respectively.
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00328-2