Frameworks for assessing reliability of multiple, independent barriers in potable water reuse

The development of potable water reuse systems (systems for the treatment of wastewater to quality adequate to augment other surface water supplies) requires careful attention to the consistent production of product water which has low levels of contaminants, such as infectious pathogens, capable of...

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Published in:Water science and technology 1998-01, Vol.38 (6), p.1-8
Main Authors: Haas, Charles N., Trussell, R. Rhodes
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Barriers
Contaminants
Drinking water
Exact sciences and technology
Failure modes
Formal specifications
Frameworks
Health risks
Impurities
Pathogens
Pollution
Potable water
Probabilistic analysis
Probabilistic methods
Probability
Reliability
Reliability analysis
risk
Risk assessment
Surface water
Wastewater
Wastewater treatment
Wastewaters reuse. Miscellaneous
Water quality
Water reuse
Water supply
Water supply systems
Water treatment
Water treatment and pollution
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container_title Water science and technology
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Trussell, R. Rhodes
description The development of potable water reuse systems (systems for the treatment of wastewater to quality adequate to augment other surface water supplies) requires careful attention to the consistent production of product water which has low levels of contaminants, such as infectious pathogens, capable of causing human health effects from acute exposure. Little consideration has been given to the formal specification of the degree of reliability of such systems. In this paper we present two ways to approach the problem. The first is a formal extension of the ‘multiple barrier’ concept often cited in the water treatment literature. The second is an application of probabilistic analysis. With either method, it is clear that much more information should be obtained with respect to the failure modes, and the frequency with which individual processes achieve a particular level of performance. However the conceptual framework presented here should enable a formal analysis of the problem to be conducted.
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identifier ISSN: 0273-1223
ispartof Water science and technology, 1998-01, Vol.38 (6), p.1-8
issn 0273-1223
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language eng
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source Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Applied sciences
Barriers
Contaminants
Drinking water
Exact sciences and technology
Failure modes
Formal specifications
Frameworks
Health risks
Impurities
Pathogens
Pollution
Potable water
Probabilistic analysis
Probabilistic methods
Probability
Reliability
Reliability analysis
risk
Risk assessment
Surface water
Wastewater
Wastewater treatment
Wastewaters reuse. Miscellaneous
Water quality
Water reuse
Water supply
Water supply systems
Water treatment
Water treatment and pollution
title Frameworks for assessing reliability of multiple, independent barriers in potable water reuse
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