Chondrocyte aggregation and reorganization into three-dimensional scaffolds

• Published in: Journal of biomedical materials research 1999-09, Vol.46 (3), p.337-346
• Main Authors: Brun, Paola, Abatangelo, Giovanni, Radice, Marco, Zacchi, Valentina, Guidolin, Diego, Gordini, Daniela Daga, Cortivo, Roberta
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biological and medical sciences; biomaterial; Biomaterials; Biomedical Engineering; Cell Aggregation - physiology; Cells; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; chondrocyte; Chondrocytes - cytology; Collagen; Deposition; Esters; Extracellular Matrix; Growth kinetics; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; hyaluronic acid derivative; Immunohistochemistry; Materials Testing; Medical sciences; Microscopy, Electron; Prostheses and Implants; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Technology. Biomaterials. Equipments
• ISSN: 0021-9304; 1097-4636
• DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(19990905)46:3<337::AID-JBM5>3.0.CO;2-Q

Articular cartilage has a very limited self‐repairing capacity; thus, chondral lesions normally result in chronic degeneration and, eventually, osteoarthritis development. Currently, tissue engineering offers a new tool for the clinical treatment of osteochondral defects. The present investigation aimed to develop an in vitro engineered cartilage using a new class of semisynthetic scaffolds. Two nonwoven meshes of hyaluronan esters (Hyaff® derivatives) were seeded with sternal chick embryo chondrocytes cultured for up to 21 days, after which time they were assessed for both the cellular growth profile and histological features. Avian chondrocytes easily adhered and proliferated onto hyaluronan‐based scaffolds, demonstrating a significant preference for the fully esterified benzylic form. Histochemical staining revealed the presence of a neosynthesized glycosaminoglycan‐rich extracellular matrix, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the deposition of collagen type II. Moreover, ultrastructural observations supported evidence that chondrocytes grown onto a hyaluronan‐derived three‐dimensional scaffold maintained their unique phenotype and organization in a cartilage‐like extracellular matrix. These findings support the further pursuit of a transplantable engineered cartilage using human chondrocytes for the regeneration of chondral lesions. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 46, 337–346, 1999.