Gender‐specific considerations in physical activity, thermogenesis and fat oxidation: implications for obesity management

Summary With current ‘one‐size‐fits‐all’ obesity prevention and management strategies proving largely ineffective, the focus has shifted towards a more tailored, individualized approach. However, investigation of the mechanisms underlying inter‐individual variability in metabolic profile and respons...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Obesity reviews 2018-12, Vol.19 (S1), p.73-83
Main Authors: Isacco, L., Miles‐Chan, J. L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Body weight
Contraception
Energy expenditure
Energy Metabolism - physiology
Exercise
Exercise - physiology
Female
Gender
Hormones
Humans
Male
Management
Menopause
Menstrual cycle
Metabolism
Obesity
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity - therapy
Obesity Management
Oxidation
Oxidation-Reduction
Physical activity
Physical fitness
Physical training
Sex
Sex Factors
Sex hormones
sexual dimorphism
substrate utilization
Substrates
Thermogenesis
Thermogenesis - physiology
Weight control
weight regulation
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Summary:Summary With current ‘one‐size‐fits‐all’ obesity prevention and management strategies proving largely ineffective, the focus has shifted towards a more tailored, individualized approach. However, investigation of the mechanisms underlying inter‐individual variability in metabolic profile and response to intervention often yield conflicting results. Indeed, it is perhaps surprising that despite at least a century of recognition that sex hormones influence metabolism, firm conclusions regarding the effects of the menstrual cycle, hormonal contraception and menopause on many aspects of energy expenditure and substrate utilization remain to be drawn. In this review, we examine current evidence relating to gender‐specific considerations in the promotion of physical activity, thermogenesis and fat oxidation for body‐weight regulation, including the relationship between sex hormone status and non‐exercise activity thermogenesis – an energy expenditure compartment that is often overlooked in favour of traditional exercise/sport physical activities yet presents a viable target in the search for effective weight management.
ISSN:1467-7881
1467-789X
DOI:10.1111/obr.12779