Myeloid and lymphoid activation markers in AIDS and non-AIDS presenters

• Published in: Immunobiology (1979) 2019-03, Vol.224 (2), p.231-241
• Main Authors: Iannetta, Marco, Savinelli, Stefano, Rossi, Raffaella, Mascia, Claudia, Marocco, Raffaella, Vita, Serena, Zuccalà, Paola, Zingaropoli, Maria Antonella, Mengoni, Fabio, Massetti, Anna Paola, Falciano, Mario, d’Ettorre, Gabriella, Ciardi, Maria Rosa, Mastroianni, Claudio Maria, Vullo, Vincenzo, Lichtner, Miriam
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - immunology; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - metabolism; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - virology; Adult; Biomarkers; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Dendritic cell; Dendritic Cells - immunology; Dendritic Cells - metabolism; Disease Progression; Female; HAART; HIV; HIV-1 - immunology; Humans; Leukocyte Count; Lymphocyte Activation - immunology; Lymphocyte Count; Lymphocytes - immunology; Lymphocytes - metabolism; Male; Middle Aged; Monocyte; Monocytes - immunology; Monocytes - metabolism; Myeloid Cells - immunology; Myeloid Cells - metabolism; sCD14; sCD163; slanDC; Viral Load
• ISSN: 0171-2985; 1878-3279
• DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.11.011

•Circulating dendritic cells were impaired in number or phenotype in untreated HIV+ subjects, especially in AIDS presenters.•In HIV+ subjects, HLA-DR expression on myeloid and slan-dendritic cells tended to normalise after antiretroviral treatment.•Intermediate monocyte absolute counts were increased in AIDS and non-AIDS presenters and decreased after treatment.•Antiretroviral treatment reduced myeloid and lymphoid activation in advanced and non-advanced HIV+ patients.•Antiretroviral treatment can prevent disease progression and immune activation associated non-AIDS events. HIV infection is characterized by a state of chronic activation of the immune system, which is not completely reversed by antiretroviral treatment (ART). The aim of this study was to assess myeloid and lymphoid activation markers during HIV infection, before and one year after ART initiation, in AIDS and non-AIDS presenters. Treatment naïve HIV positive patients were enrolled in this study. Myeloid dendritic cell (mDC), plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC), slanDC, monocyte and T-lymphocyte cell counts and activation status, were assessed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood samples. Soluble (s)CD14 and sCD163 were assessed in plasma samples using ELISA assays. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism and Minitab Express. Thirty-four ART naïve HIV-1 infected subjects were enrolled in this study (22 non-AIDS and 12 AIDS presenters). Seventeen healthy donors (HD) were included as control group. Although circulating mDC levels resulted unchanged, HLA-DR expression was decreased on mDCs of HIV positive subjects compared to HD (p