Nanoparticle‐biomolecular corona: A new approach for the early detection of non‐small‐cell lung cancer

• Published in: Journal of cellular physiology 2019-06, Vol.234 (6), p.9378-9386
• Main Authors: Di Domenico, Marina, Pozzi, Daniela, Palchetti, Sara, Digiacomo, Luca, Iorio, Rosamaria, Astarita, Carlo, Fiorelli, Alfonso, Pierdiluca, Matteo, Santini, Mario, Barbarino, Marcella, Giordano, Antonio, Di Carlo, Angelina, Frati, Luigi, Mahmoudi, Morteza, Caracciolo, Giulio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: biomolecular corona; Blood Proteins - metabolism; Cancer; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - blood; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - diagnosis; Cardiovascular diseases; Diagnosis; Dynamic Light Scattering; Early Detection of Cancer; Electrophoresis; Gel electrophoresis; Heart diseases; Humans; Hydrodynamics; Lipids; Liposomes - chemistry; Lung cancer; Lung diseases; Lung Neoplasms - blood; Lung Neoplasms - diagnosis; Malignancy; nanoparticle; Nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Nanotechnology; Non-small cell lung carcinoma; non‐small‐cell lung cancer; Patients; Principal Component Analysis; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Sodium lauryl sulfate; Statistical analysis; Statistical methods
• ISSN: 0021-9541; 1097-4652
• DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27622

Lung cancer (LC) is the most common type of cancer and the second cause of death worldwide in men and women after cardiovascular diseases. Non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent type of LC occurring in 85% of cases. Developing new methods for early detection of NSCLC could substantially increase the chances of survival and, therefore, is an urgent task for current research. Nowadays, explosion in nanotechnology offers unprecedented opportunities for therapeutics and diagnosis applications. In this context, exploiting the bio‐nano‐interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) and biological fluids is an emerging field of research. Upon contact with biofluids, NPs are covered by a biomolecular coating referred to as “biomolecular corona” (BC). In this study, we exploited BC for discriminating between NSCLC patients and healthy volunteers. Blood samples from 10 NSCLC patients and 5 subjects without malignancy were allowed to interact with negatively charged lipid NPs, leading to the formation of a BC at the NP surface. After isolation, BCs were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE). We found that the BCs of NSCLC patients was significantly different from that of healthy individuals. Statistical analysis of SDS‐PAGE results allowed discriminating between NSCLC cancer patients and healthy subjects with 80% specificity, 80% sensitivity and a total discriminate correctness rate of 80%. While the results of the present investigation cannot be conclusive due to the small size of the data set, we have shown that exploitation of the BC is a promising approach for the early diagnosis of NSCLC. Lung cancer (LC) is the most common type of cancer and the second cause of death worldwide in men and women after cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we compared biomolecular corona formed around liposomes for discriminating between NSCLC patients and healthy volunteers. Our results allowed discriminating between NSCLC cancer patients and healthy subjects with 80% specificity, 80% sensitivity, and a total discriminate correctness rate of 80%.