Ferrocenyl–Triphenyltin Complexes as Lysosome-Targeted Imaging and Anticancer Agents

In this paper, two ferrocenyl–triphenyltin complexes were synthesized and characterized. Complex 2 is constructed as new multifunctional therapeutic platform for lysosome-targeted imaging and displayed much higher cytotoxicity than its analogue 1 by the introduction of a methyl group instead of a hy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Inorganic chemistry 2019-01, Vol.58 (2), p.1710-1718
Main Authors: Li, Juanjuan, Liu, Xicheng, Zhang, Haifeng, Ge, Xingxing, Tang, Yanhua, Xu, Zhishan, Tian, Laijin, Yuan, Xiangai, Mao, Xudong, Liu, Zhe
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
A549 Cells
Antineoplastic Agents
Cell Death - drug effects
Cell Proliferation - drug effects
Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
Ferrous Compounds - chemistry
Ferrous Compounds - pharmacology
Humans
Lung Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Lung Neoplasms - drug therapy
Lysosomes - metabolism
Metallocenes - chemistry
Metallocenes - pharmacology
Optical Imaging
Organometallic Compounds - chemical synthesis
Organometallic Compounds - chemistry
Organometallic Compounds - pharmacology
Organotin Compounds - chemistry
Organotin Compounds - pharmacology
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Summary:In this paper, two ferrocenyl–triphenyltin complexes were synthesized and characterized. Complex 2 is constructed as new multifunctional therapeutic platform for lysosome-targeted imaging and displayed much higher cytotoxicity than its analogue 1 by the introduction of a methyl group instead of a hydrogen atom in acylhydrazone. The cyclic voltammograms and reaction with GSH (glutathione) further confirmed that complex 1 has a reversible redox peak and can react with GSH, which indicate that complex 1 might lose its anticancer effect by undergoing reaction with GSH once it enters the cancer cell. Complex 2 could effectively catalyze the oxidation of NADH (the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) to NAD+ and induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lead to caspase-dependent apoptosis through damaged mitochondria, simultaneously, accounting for the mitochondrial vacuolization and karyorrhexis. The caspase-3 activation and cytoplasmic vacuolation karyorrhexis induced by complex 2 revealed that the A549 cell lines might undergo cell death primarily mediated by apoptosis and oncosis; however, 1 cannot reproduce this effect. Taken together, these results indicated that complex 2 has more potential for evolution as a new bioimaging and anticancer agent.
ISSN:0020-1669
1520-510X
DOI:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03305