Ocular Motor System Control Models and the Cerebellum: Hypothetical Mechanisms

To review our studies and “top-down” models of saccadic intrusions and infantile nystagmus syndrome with the aim of hypothesizing areas of cerebellar connections controlling parts of the ocular motor subsystems involved in both types of function and dysfunction. The methods of eye-movement recording...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cerebellum (London, England) England), 2019-06, Vol.18 (3), p.605-614
Main Author: Dell’Osso, Louis F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain research
Calibration
Cerebellar Diseases - physiopathology
Cerebellum
Cerebellum - physiology
Eye movements
Eye Movements - physiology
Humans
Mathematical functions
Models, Neurological
Motor task performance
Neurobiology
Neurology
Neurosciences
Nystagmus
Ocular Motility Disorders - physiopathology
Oscillations
Physiology
R&D
Research & development
Review
Saccadic eye movements
Smooth pursuit eye movements
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Summary:To review our studies and “top-down” models of saccadic intrusions and infantile nystagmus syndrome with the aim of hypothesizing areas of cerebellar connections controlling parts of the ocular motor subsystems involved in both types of function and dysfunction. The methods of eye-movement recording and modeling are described in detail in the cited references. Saccadic intrusions, such as square-wave jerks and square-wave oscillations, can be simulated by a single malfunction, whereas staircase saccadic intrusions required two independent malfunctions. The major infantile nystagmus syndrome waveforms are traceable to a failure to calibrate the damping ratio of the smooth pursuit system. The use of a behavioral ocular motor system model demonstrated how putative cerebellar dysfunctions could accurately simulate both the oscillations and the ocular motor responses seen in patients with both saccadic and pursuit disorders.
ISSN:1473-4222
1473-4230
DOI:10.1007/s12311-018-1001-y