Sequential white-rot and brown-rot fungal pretreatment of wheat straw as a promising alternative for complementary mild treatments

• Published in: Waste management (Elmsford) 2018-09, Vol.79, p.240-250
• Main Authors: Hermosilla, Edward, Rubilar, Olga, Schalchli, Heidi, da Silva, Ayla Sant'Ana, Ferreira-Leitao, Viridiana, Diez, María Cristina
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural waste; Basidiomycota; Biological pretreatment; Brown-rot fungus; Cellulose hydrolysis; Fungi; Hydrolysis; Lignin; Triticum; Wheat straw; White-rot fungus
• ISSN: 0956-053X; 1879-2456
• DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.07.044

•White-rot and brown-rot fungi had a synergistic effect on wheat straw pretreatment.•Sequential fungal inoculation enhanced glucose yield of wheat straw hydrolysis 2.8-fold.•Effective biological pretreatment of wheat straw in 20 days of fungal exposure.•A sequential culture of G. lobatum and G. trabeum showed the highest glucose yield.•Lignin degradation and crystallinity index multi-correlated to enzymatic hydrolysis. White-rot and brown-rot fungi have complementary mechanisms to selectively degrade lignin and holocellullose, respectively. Thereby, a fungal co-culture of a white-rot and a brown-rot fungal could result in efficient strategy for a mild lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment. In this work, single, sequential and co-inoculation of the selective-lignin degrading white-rot fungus Ganoderma lobatum and the brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum were evaluated as biological pretreatments of wheat straw to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. The single cultures of G. lobatum and G. trabeum exhibited preferential degradation of lignin and hemicellulose, respectively. The total crystallinity index decreased in samples pretreated with G. trabeum but not with G. lobatum. The pretreatment with single cultures of G. lobatum or G. trabeum increased glucose yields by 43.6% and 26.1% respectively compared to untreated straw. Although co-inoculation resulted in higher yields of glucose when compared with single cultures, only a slight synergistic effect between fungi was observed. Contrary, the sequential inoculation of G. lobatum incubated for 10 days followed by G. trabeum incubated for 10 days more showed a strong synergic effect on enzymatic hydrolysis. This sequential culture showed the highest glucose yield (191.5 mg g−1 wheat straw), 2.8-fold higher than untreated wheat straw, and 140–150% higher than the single-cultures of G. lobatum and G. trabeum, respectively.