Oxidative Epigallocatechin Gallate Coating on Polymeric Substrates for Bone Tissue Regeneration

• Published in: Macromolecular bioscience 2019-04, Vol.19 (4), p.e1800392-n/a
• Main Authors: Madhurakkat Perikamana, Sajeesh Kumar, Lee, Sang Min, Lee, Jinkyu, Ahmad, Taufiq, Lee, Min Suk, Yang, Hee Seok, Shin, Heungsoo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adipogenesis; Biocompatibility; Biomaterials; Biomedical materials; Bone growth; Bone healing; bone tissue engineering; Cationic polymerization; Cations; Coatings; Differentiation (biology); Epigallocatechin gallate; Epigallocatechin-3-gallate; Flavonoids; Formulations; Hydrogen peroxide; Implantation; Lactic acid; Macrophages; multifunctionality; Nanofibers; Osteoclasts; Oxidative stress; plant polyphenols; Polylactic acid; Polymerization; Protective coatings; Regeneration; Regeneration (physiology); Stem cell transplantation; Stem cells; Substrates; surface modification; Surgical implants; Tissue engineering
• ISSN: 1616-5187; 1616-5195
• DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800392

Plant derived flavonoids have not been well explored in tissue engineering applications due to difficulties in efficient formulations with biomaterials for controlled presentation. Here, the authors report that surface coating of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on polymeric substrates including poly (L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofibers can be performed via oxidative polymerization of EGCG in the presence of cations, enabling regulation of biological functions of multiple cell types implicated in bone regeneration. EGCG coating on the PLLA nanofiber promotes osteogenic differentiation of adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) and is potent to suppress adipogenesis of ADSCs while significantly reduces osteoclastic maturation of murine macrophages. Moreover, EGCG coating serves as a protective layer for ADSCs against oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide. Finally, the in vivo implantation of EGCG‐coated nanofibers into a mouse calvarial defect model significantly promotes the bone regeneration (61.52 ± 28.10%) as compared to defect (17.48 ± 11.07%). Collectively, the results suggest that EGCG coating is a simple bioinspired surface modification of polymeric biomaterials and importantly can thus serve as a promising interface for tuning activities of multiple cell types associated with bone fracture healing. The full exploitation of biological properties of plant‐based polyphenol through its simple and efficient oxidative coating on biomaterials surface is demonstrated. The multifunctional coating serves as an interface for modulating bone healing and regeneration process.