Has the time arrived for cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in psychiatric disorders?

Psychiatric disorders are currently classified, in the majority of cases, by clinical syndromes. However, advances over the last decade in imaging and biochemical biomarkers in several Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders anticipate the incorporation of some of these markers in the diagnostic work...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinica chimica acta 2019-04, Vol.491, p.81-84
Main Authors: Lleó, Alberto, Parnetti, Lucilla, Belbin, Olivia, Wiltfang, Jens
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alzheimer
Amyloid
CSF
Glia
Neurofilaments
Psychiatric disorders
Tau
YKL-40
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Summary:Psychiatric disorders are currently classified, in the majority of cases, by clinical syndromes. However, advances over the last decade in imaging and biochemical biomarkers in several Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders anticipate the incorporation of some of these markers in the diagnostic work-up of psychiatric conditions. In particular, CSF biomarkers offer the possibility of detecting a wide range of pathophysiological processes in the CNS. Newer CSF markers can measure axonal and synaptic damage, glial activation, and oxidative stress in CNS disorders with high precision. The possibility that these markers can be applied in the differential diagnosis of common psychiatric disorders such as Schizophrenia, Major Depressive or Bipolar Disorders not only to rule out neurodegenerative diseases but also to identify specific biomarker signatures has yet to be explored. In particular, synaptic proteins in CSF could be useful as markers of synaptic and neurotransmitter transmission impairment since these are key molecular features of psychiatric conditions. In this paper we outline the current and potential applications of CSF biomarkers in psychiatric disorders. •CSF biomarkers offer the possibility of detecting a wide range of pathophysiological processes in the CNS.•Newer CSF markers can measure axonal and synaptic damage, glial activation, and oxidative stress in CNS disorders.•These newer markers can be informative in the differential diagnosis of common psychiatric disorders.•Synaptic proteins in CSF could be markers of synaptic and neurotransmitter transmission impairment in psychiatric disorders.
ISSN:0009-8981
1873-3492
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2019.01.019