Real‐world experience of metformin use in pregnancy: Observational data from the Northern Territory Diabetes in Pregnancy Clinical Register

• Published in: Journal of diabetes 2019-09, Vol.11 (9), p.761-770
• Main Authors: Maple‐Brown, Louise J., Lindenmayer, Greta, Barzi, Federica, Whitbread, Cherie, Connors, Christine, Moore, Elizabeth, Boyle, Jacqueline, Kirkwood, Marie, Lee, I‐Lynn, Longmore, Danielle, van Dokkum, Paula, Wicks, Mary, Dowden, Michelle, Inglis, Chrissie, Cotter, Margaret, Kirkham, Renae, Corpus, Sumaria, Chitturi, Sridhar, Thomas, Sujatha, O'Dea, Kerin, Zimmet, Paul, Oats, Jeremy, McIntyre, Harold D., Brown, Alex, Shaw, Jonathan E.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Antidiabetics; Australia - epidemiology; Biomarkers - blood; birth outcomes; Birth Weight; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes; diabetes in pregnancy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology; Diabetes, Gestational - blood; Diabetes, Gestational - drug therapy; Diabetes, Gestational - epidemiology; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gestational Age; Gestational diabetes; Health risk assessment; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; metformin; Metformin - therapeutic use; Northern Territory; Nutrition therapy; Population Groups; Prediabetic State - blood; Prediabetic State - drug therapy; Prediabetic State - epidemiology; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Prognosis; type 2 diabetes in pregnancy; 二甲双胍; 出生结果; 妊娠期2型糖尿病; 妊娠期糖尿病; 妊娠糖尿病
• ISSN: 1753-0393; 1753-0407
• DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12905

Background In Australia's Northern Territory, Indigenous mothers account for 33% of births and have high rates of hyperglycemia in pregnancy. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in pregnancy is up to 10‐fold higher in Indigenous than non‐Indigenous Australian mothers, and the use of metformin is common. We assessed birth outcomes in relation to metformin use during pregnancy from a clinical register. Methods The study included women with gestational diabetes (GDM), newly diagnosed diabetes in pregnancy (DIP), or pre‐existing T2D from 2012 to 2016. Data were analyzed for metformin use in the third trimester. Regression models were adjusted for maternal age, body mass index, parity, and insulin use. Results Of 1649 pregnancies, 814 (49.4%) were to Indigenous women, of whom 234 (28.7%) had T2D (vs 4.6% non‐Indigenous women; P