Change in body mass index from childhood onwards and risk of adult cardiovascular disease

Childhood obesity adversely affects the structure and function of the cardiovascular system, but the relationship between excessive weight gain during childhood and adult cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not fully understood. This review summarizes evidence for associations of change in body mass ind...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in cardiovascular medicine 2020-01, Vol.30 (1), p.39-45
Main Authors: Bjerregaard, Lise G., Adelborg, Kasper, Baker, Jennifer L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Body mass index
Body weight gain
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular system
Childhood
Children
Congestive heart failure
Coronary artery disease
Fibrillation
Growth
Health risk assessment
Obesity
Overweight
Risk factors
Structure-function relationships
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Summary:Childhood obesity adversely affects the structure and function of the cardiovascular system, but the relationship between excessive weight gain during childhood and adult cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not fully understood. This review summarizes evidence for associations of change in body mass index (BMI) from childhood onwards with CVD outcomes. We found that excessive gain in BMI from childhood onwards was consistently associated with the presence of CVD risk factors, with increased risks of coronary heart disease, and there were suggestions of associations with stroke, atrial fibrillation and heart failure, but a lack of evidence precludes firm conclusions. These results indicate that the risk of CVD can be traced back to child ages and highlights the importance of primordial prevention of CVD by preventing excessive weight gain in childhood.
ISSN:1050-1738
1873-2615
DOI:10.1016/j.tcm.2019.01.011