Dietary intake of people with severe mental illness: systematic review and meta-analysis

Severe mental illness (SMI) is thought to be associated with lower diet quality and adverse eating behaviours contributing towards physical health disparities. A rigorous review of the studies looking at dietary intake in psychotic disorders and bipolar disorder is lacking.AimsTo conduct a systemati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of psychiatry 2019-05, Vol.214 (5), p.251-259
Main Authors: Teasdale, Scott B., Ward, Philip B., Samaras, Katherine, Firth, Joseph, Stubbs, Brendon, Tripodi, Elise, Burrows, Tracy L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bipolar disorder
Body Weight
Caffeine
Cardiovascular disease
Carotenoids
Databases, Factual
Diet
Dietary intake
Eating behavior
Epidemiology
Health Behavior
Health disparities
Health status
Humans
Intervention
Mental depression
Mental Disorders
Meta-analysis
Metabolism
Nutrition research
Population
Psychiatry
Psychosis
Psychotropic drugs
Quality
Review articles
Schizophrenia
Search strategies
Sodium
Systematic review
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Summary:Severe mental illness (SMI) is thought to be associated with lower diet quality and adverse eating behaviours contributing towards physical health disparities. A rigorous review of the studies looking at dietary intake in psychotic disorders and bipolar disorder is lacking.AimsTo conduct a systematic, comprehensive evaluation of the published research on dietary intake in psychotic disorders and bipolar disorder. Six electronic databases were searched for studies reporting on dietary intakes in psychotic disorders and bipolar disorder. Dietary-assessment methods, and dietary intakes, were systematically reviewed. Where possible, data was pooled for meta-analysis and compared with healthy controls. In total, 58 eligible studies were identified. People with SMI were found to have significantly higher dietary energy (mean difference 1332 kJ, 95% CI 487-2178 kJ/day, P = 0.002, g = 0.463) and sodium (mean difference 322 mg, 95% CI 174-490 mg, P < 0.001, g = 0.414) intake compared with controls. Qualitative synthesis suggested that higher energy and sodium intakes were associated with poorer diet quality and eating patterns. These dietary components should be key targets for preventative interventions to improve weight and other physical health outcomes in people with SMI.Declaration of interestS.B.T. and E.T. have clinical dietitian appointments within the South Eastern Sydney Local Health District and do not receive any further funding.
ISSN:0007-1250
1472-1465
DOI:10.1192/bjp.2019.20