Extraction of cellulose nanofibers from cocos nucifera var aurantiaca peduncle by ball milling combined with chemical treatment

• Published in: Carbohydrate polymers 2019-05, Vol.212, p.312-322
• Main Authors: Nagarajan, K.J., Balaji, A.N., Ramanujam, N.R.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ball milling; Cocos nucifera var-Aurantiaca peduncle fibers; Crystallinity index; TEM; Thermal properties
• ISSN: 0144-8617; 1879-1344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.063

[Display omitted] •New Cellulose NanoFibers are extracted from Cocos nucifera var-Aurantiaca peduncle.•TGA analysis shows that CNFs are thermally stable until 230 °C.•TEM shows that CNFs appears web-like structure with the range of 55–64 nm width.•Characterized CNFs has the potentiality to replace the artificial nano particles. The development of bio-degradable, renewable and low-cost material is critical to meet the growing environmental concerns and energy demands. The present study emphasizes on the extraction of a new kind of Cellulose NanoFibers (CNFs) from peduncles which are a bio-waste product of Cocos nucifera var-Aurantiaca through ball milling combined with chemical treatment. The crystallinity index, presence of functional groups and elemental composition in CNFs were identified by employing XRD, FT-IR and EDX techniques. The thermal stability of CNFs was investigated by thermo-gravimetric analysis. The morphological analysis was performed by electron microscopy and the results showed the appearance of CNFs in web-like structure with a width of 55–64 nm. The effect of reinforcement of CNFs in epoxy matrix was performed, whose tensile strength increased by 37% when 2 wt% of CNFs was loaded into the matrix.