Eosinophils in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

ABSTRACT Clinical investigations in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients have provided increasing evidence that eosinophils contribute to chronic intestinal inflammation. Accumulation of eosinophils in the gastrointestinal tract correlates with the variations of eosinophil regulatory molecules;...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Inflammatory bowel diseases 2019-06, Vol.25 (7), p.1140-1151
Main Authors: Filippone, Rhiannon T, Sahakian, Lauren, Apostolopoulos, Vasso, Nurgali, Kulmira
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Eosinophils - pathology
Gastrointestinal diseases
Gastrointestinal system
Genetic aspects
Health aspects
Humans
Inflammation
Inflammation - complications
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - etiology
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - pathology
Prognosis
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Summary:ABSTRACT Clinical investigations in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients have provided increasing evidence that eosinophils contribute to chronic intestinal inflammation. Accumulation of eosinophils in the gastrointestinal tract correlates with the variations of eosinophil regulatory molecules; however, their role in gastrointestinal dysfunction in IBD has not been fully elucidated. This review will describe the development and characterization of gastrointestinal eosinophils, mechanisms of eosinophil recruitment to the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, the eosinophil-induced changes to the enteric nervous system associated with disease severity and gastrointestinal dysfunction will be analyzed with suggestive molecular pathways for enteric neuronal injury. Current and potential therapeutic interventions targeting eosinophils will be discussed. This review describes the development and characterisation of gastrointestinal eosinophils, mechanisms of their recruitment and contribution to IBD. The role of eosinophils in gastrointestinal dysfunctions, enteric neuronal injury associated with IBD, and current and potential therapeutic interventions targeting eosinophils is discussed.
ISSN:1078-0998
1536-4844
DOI:10.1093/ibd/izz024