The Israeli Defense Forces Point of Injury Antimicrobial Treatment Protocol – A New Protocol and Review of the Literature

Abstract Introduction Combat wound infection is a common and serious complication, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. In 2005, a point of injury antimicrobial protocol was published by the Israel Defense Forces, in which Moxifloxacin was chosen. During 2016–2017, a revision of this prot...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Military medicine 2019-03, Vol.184 (Supplement_1), p.78-82
Main Authors: Glick, Yuval, Furer, Ariel, Glick, Karina, Yitzhak, Avraham, Brosh, Tal
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
Antibiotics
Antimicrobial agents
Guidelines as Topic
Humans
Israel
Military Medicine - trends
Point-of-Care Systems - trends
Protocol
Trauma
Wounds and Injuries - drug therapy
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Summary:Abstract Introduction Combat wound infection is a common and serious complication, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. In 2005, a point of injury antimicrobial protocol was published by the Israel Defense Forces, in which Moxifloxacin was chosen. During 2016–2017, a revision of this protocol was performed and concluded with the publication of an updated protocol. The purpose of this report is to present this process and the revised protocol, together with a review of the literature. Methods We searched “Medline” and “Google Scholar” for studies dealing with antimicrobial prophylaxis in trauma, for militaries’ point of injury antimicrobial protocol protocols and for established surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis protocols. Results Point of injury antimicrobial protocol is aimed at preventing early infection and its complications. The choice of Moxifloxacin for this purpose may not be optimal since Moxifloxacin spectrum might be overly broad, there is scant evidence supporting it for this indication, and the available preparation does not meet distinctive technical requirements. Contrarily, Ceftriaxone seemed to have suitable microbiological, pharmacological and technical features. Conclusion Point of injury antimicrobial protocol should be used especially when evacuation and definitive surgical treatment are delayed. According to present scientific data and operational needs, Ceftriaxone was chosen for most penetrating injuries, with Metronidazole addition for penetrating abdominal and cranial trauma.
ISSN:0026-4075
1930-613X
DOI:10.1093/milmed/usy292