Encapsulated melatonin in polycaprolactone (PCL) microparticles as a promising graft material

• Published in: Materials Science & Engineering C 2019-07, Vol.100, p.798-808
• Main Authors: Gurler, Esra Bihter, Ergul, Necdet Mekki, Ozbek, Burak, Ekren, Nazmi, Oktar, Faik Nuzhet, Haskoylu, Merve Erginer, Oner, Ebru Toksoy, Eroglu, Mehmet Sayıp, Ozbeyli, Dilek, Korkut, Veysel, Temiz, Ahmet Furkan, Kocanalı, Nil, Gungordu, Rosa Juvan, Kılıckan, Duhan Berkan, Gunduz, Oguzhan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Biocompatibility; Biodegradable polymer; Biomedical materials; Bone grafts; Bone remodeling; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Cell Line; Cell Survival - drug effects; Chemical bonds; Drug delivery systems; Drug Liberation; Electrospraying; Encapsulation; Female; Flow velocity; Fourier transforms; Graft; Grafting; Humans; Infrared spectroscopy; Kinetics; Materials science; Melatonin; Melatonin - pharmacology; Microparticles; Microspheres; Morphology; Optimization; Organ Size - drug effects; Organic chemistry; Osteoblasts; Osteoblasts - cytology; Osteoblasts - drug effects; Osteoblasts - metabolism; Particle production; Particle size; Polycaprolactone; Polyesters - chemistry; Production methods; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scanning electron microscopy; Skull - drug effects; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Temperature; Tissue Scaffolds - chemistry
• ISSN: 0928-4931; 1873-0191
• DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.051

Electrospraying assures many advantages with taking less time and costing less relatively to the other conventional particle production methods. In this research, we investigated the encapsulation of melatonin (MEL) hormone in polycaprolactone (PCL) microparticles by using electrospraying method. Morphology analysis of the produced particles completed with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). SEM images demonstrated that micro-particles of 3 wt% PCL solution has the most suitable particle diameter size (2.3 ± 0.64 μm) for melatonin encapsulation. According to the characterization of the particles, electrospraying parameters like optimal collecting distance, the flow rate of the solution and voltage of the system detected as 8 cm, 0.5 ml/h, and 10 kV respectively. For determining the chemical bonds of scaffold Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used and FTIR results showed that melatonin successfully loaded into PCL micro-particles. Drug release kinetics of the melatonin loaded particles indicated that melatonin released with a burst at the beginning and release behavior became sustainable over a period of 8 h with the encapsulation efficiency of about 73%. In addition, both in-vitro and in-vivo studies of the graft materials also completed. Primary human osteoblasts (HOB) cells and female Sprague Dawley rats were used in in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Test results demonstrate cell population, and bone volume of the rats grafted with composites has remarkably increased, this caused remodelling in bone structure. Overall, these findings indicate that encapsulation of melatonin in the PCL particles with electrospray method is optimum for new synthetic graft material. •Simple, economic and time-saving producing method used to obtain drug loaded microparticles which are supporting bone remodelling.•In terms of graft material, encapsulated melatonin in polycaprolactone particles very promising.