Non-coding RNAs and transposable elements in plant genomes: emergence, regulatory mechanisms and roles in plant development and stress responses

Over millions of years of evolution, plant genomes have acquired a complex constitution. Plant genomes consist not only of protein coding sequences, but also contain large proportions of non-coding sequences. These include introns of protein-coding genes, and intergenic sequences such as non-coding...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Planta 2019-07, Vol.250 (1), p.23-40
Main Authors: Hou, Jinna, Lu, Dandan, Mason, Annaliese S., Li, Baoquan, Xiao, Meili, An, Sufang, Fu, Donghui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Biological evolution
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Constitution
DNA Transposable Elements - genetics
Ecology
Forestry
Gene expression
Gene sequencing
Genome, Plant - genetics
Genomes
Introns
Introns - genetics
Life Sciences
MicroRNAs - genetics
miRNA
Molecular modelling
Non-coding RNA
Plant Development
Plant Physiological Phenomena
Plant Sciences
Plants - genetics
Proteins
Regulatory mechanisms (biology)
REVIEW
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA - genetics
RNA, Circular
RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics
RNA, Plant - genetics
RNA, Untranslated - genetics
Stress, Physiological
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Summary:Over millions of years of evolution, plant genomes have acquired a complex constitution. Plant genomes consist not only of protein coding sequences, but also contain large proportions of non-coding sequences. These include introns of protein-coding genes, and intergenic sequences such as non-coding RNA, repeat sequences and transposable elements. These non-coding sequences help to regulate gene expression, and are increasingly being recognized as playing an important role in genome organization and function. In this review, we summarize the known molecular mechanisms by which gene expression is regulated by several species of non-coding RNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs) and by transposable elements. We further discuss how these non-coding RNAs and transposable elements evolve and emerge in the genome, and the potential influence and importance of these non-coding RNAs and transposable elements in plant development and in stress responses.
ISSN:0032-0935
1432-2048
DOI:10.1007/s00425-019-03166-7