Corneal thickness and endothelial changes in long-term hydroxychloroquine use

Objective: To determine possible associations between long-term HCQ use and corneal changes in patients who used HCQ for at least 3 years. Materials and methods: The study included 62 healthy controls and 62 consecutive patients who used HCQ for the treatment of rheumatologic disease and were referr...

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Published in:Cutaneous and ocular toxicology 2019-07, Vol.38 (3), p.286-289
Main Authors: Oğurel, Tevfik, Özer, Murat Atabey, Akbulut, Yaprak, Gökçınar, Nesrin Büyüktortop, Onaran, Zafer, Üreten, Kemal
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Antirheumatic Agents - adverse effects
Cell Count
Cell Size - drug effects
Cornea - drug effects
Cornea - pathology
corneal thickness
endothelial cell density
Endothelial Cells - drug effects
Endothelial Cells - pathology
Female
Humans
Hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine - adverse effects
Male
Middle Aged
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Summary:Objective: To determine possible associations between long-term HCQ use and corneal changes in patients who used HCQ for at least 3 years. Materials and methods: The study included 62 healthy controls and 62 consecutive patients who used HCQ for the treatment of rheumatologic disease and were referred to the ophthalmology department between August 2018 and November 2018 for HCQ retinal toxicity screening. Central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), the coefficient of variation (CV) of cell size, and the percentage of hexagonal cells (HEX%) were measured to evaluate changes in the cornea. Results: The mean age of the patient group and control group was 50.10 ± 10.91 and 50.53 ± 10.67 years, respectively. The mean ECD was 2742 ± 347 (cells/mm 2 ) in the patient group and 2875 ± 188 cells/mm 2 in the control group. There was a significant difference between groups (p = 0.01). The mean CCT was 567.05 ± 32.35 µm in the patient group and 540.15 ± 38.50 µm in the control group. CCT was significantly higher in the patient group compared with control group (p  0.05). Conclusions: Patients using long-term HCQ demonstrated lower ECD and higher CCT than the control group. However, the CV of cell sizes and the HEX % values were not significantly different from the controls.
ISSN:1556-9527
1556-9535
DOI:10.1080/15569527.2019.1608228