Inexpensive telecytology solutions that use the Raspberry Pi and the iPhone

• Published in: Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology JASC 2014, Vol.3 (1), p.49-55
• Main Authors: Dudas, Radu, BS, VandenBussche, Christopher, MD, PhD, Baras, Alex, MD, PhD, Ali, Syed Z., MD, FRCPath, FIAC, Olson, Matthew T., MD
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Pathology
• ISSN: 2213-2945; 2213-2945
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jasc.2013.09.005

Introduction There is currently substantial interest in dynamic telecytology—the presentation of microscopic findings by live video feed to a cytopathologist at a remote location. However, the initial costs of a telecytology system can be high. We present several low-cost alternatives along with their performance characteristics. Materials and methods We tested 3 low-cost telecytology systems: a Raspberry Pi with a webcam, an iPhone 4S with FaceTime, and an iPhone 4S with a live streaming app. Costs, resolution capacities, and latency periods for image transmission were determined. Results At $85.55, the Raspberry Pi system is the least expensive telecytology solution described to date. When the cost per megapixel of resolution is considered, the cost of a Raspberry Pi system is 120× less than the most expensive commercially available option and about 7-fold less than the iPhone-based alternatives. Latency periods were substantially lower for the iPhone systems: 2.5 ± 1 seconds for FaceTime and 2.8 ± 0.3 seconds for iPhone live streaming versus 6.6 ± 0.6 seconds for the Raspberry Pi system at comparable frame rates. Conclusions This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that inexpensive telecytology systems are able to stream live video feeds of cytology slides from a microscope to a remote location at useable resolutions.