Prevalence and risk factors of people at-risk of obstructive sleep apnea in a rural community of Odisha, India: a community based cross-sectional study

• Published in: Sleep medicine 2019-06, Vol.58, p.42-47
• Main Authors: Choudhury, Anurag, Routray, Dipanweeta, Swain, Swagatika, Das, Aswin Kumar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Berlin questionnaire (BQ); Multi-staged sampling; Obesity; Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); Prevalence; Rural Odisha
• ISSN: 1389-9457; 1878-5506
• DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.03.014

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a progressive sleep disordered breathing condition characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep. Despite being the most common sleep apnea, it often remains undiagnosed and untreated, especially in rural communities. There is a paucity of literature estimating the prevalence of the disease and associated risk factors from the rural population of Odisha. It is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in a rural community of Odisha, India to find out the prevalence of people living with the risk of OSA. Multi-staged sampling was done. Participants were evaluated using the Berlin questionnaire (BQ) after obtaining informed consent. Data were analyzed using SPSS with the significance level set at 95%. Univariate and multivariate analysis was done to evaluate the risk factors associated with the condition. Out of 200 community dwellers surveyed using the BQ, 25% had a high likelihood of OSA. Among these high risk subjects, snoring was reported by 70%, excessive daytime sleepiness by 50%. Out of those who were at risk of OSA, 28% were smokers and 48% reported alcohol use. The associated risk factors were age >35 years (OR = 4.5, 95% CI = 1.4–13.8, p