Establishment of 3-dimensional scaffolds from hemochorial placentas

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex, tissue-specific 3-dimensional network that controls cell processes. ECMs derived from various organs are used to produce biological scaffolds comparable to the native microenvironment. Although placentas are often overlooked, they offer a rich ECM for tis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Placenta (Eastbourne) 2019-06, Vol.81, p.32-41
Main Authors: Favaron, Phelipe O., Borghesi, Jéssica, Mess, Andrea Maria, Castelucci, Patricia, Schiavo Matias, Gustavo de Sá, Barreto, Rodrigo da Silva Nunes, Miglino, Maria Angelica
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Extracellular matrix
Extracellular Matrix - ultrastructure
Female
Guinea Pigs
Matrix biology
Placenta
Placenta - ultrastructure
Pregnancy
Rabbits
Rats
Tissue engineering
Tissue Engineering - methods
Tissue Scaffolds
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Summary:The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex, tissue-specific 3-dimensional network that controls cell processes. ECMs derived from various organs are used to produce biological scaffolds comparable to the native microenvironment. Although placentas are often overlooked, they offer a rich ECM for tissue engineering, especially the hemochorial placentas from rodents and lagomorphs that resemble the ones from humans. Here we established a protocol for decellularization and investigated the ECM in native and decellularized placentas of guinea pigs, rats and rabbits by means of histology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. Effective decellularization were achieved by immersion in 0.25% Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate for 3 days, resulting in an intact ECM, while cells or nuclei were absent. All species had a high diversity of ECM components that varied between areas. Dense fibrous networks in the junctional zone were strongly positive to collagen I, III and IV, fibronectin, and laminin ECM markers. Noticeable response were also found for the decidua, especially along the maternal vessels. The labyrinth had thin fibers strongly positive for fibronectin and laminin, but not much for collagens. In conclusion, we established an effective protocol to obtain biological scaffolds from animal models with hemochorial placentas that possessed promising values for future purposes in Regenerative Medicine. •Decellularization of hemochorial placenta.•Biological scaffolds for use in tissue engineering.•Extracellular components preserved in decellularization assay.
ISSN:0143-4004
1532-3102
DOI:10.1016/j.placenta.2019.04.002