Increased monocyte activation with age among HIV‐infected long term non‐progressor children: implications for early treatment initiation

Objectives The key to newer therapeutic and eradication approaches often lies in understanding slow disease progression in HIV infection. The paediatric population has been poorly studied in this regard. We aimed to describe a cohort of perinatally infected long‐term nonprogressor (LTNP) children li...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:HIV medicine 2019-09, Vol.20 (8), p.513-522
Main Authors: D'Souza, RR, Gopalan, BP, Rajnala, N, Phetsouphanh, C, Shet, A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Age
Aging - immunology
Antigens, CD - blood
Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic - blood
Antiretroviral agents
Antiretroviral drugs
Antiretroviral therapy
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - blood
CD14 antigen
CD163 antigen
CD4 antigen
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Cell activation
Chemokine CXCL10 - blood
Child
Children
Correlation coefficient
Correlation coefficients
Cross-Sectional Studies
Disease Progression
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Female
HIV
HIV Infections - epidemiology
HIV Infections - immunology
HIV Infections - transmission
HIV Long-Term Survivors
HIV-1 - physiology
HIV‐1
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
immune biomarkers
India - epidemiology
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - statistics & numerical data
Interferon
Longitudinal Studies
long‐term nonprogressors
Macrophages
Male
Mathematical analysis
monocyte activation
Monocytes
Monocytes - immunology
Population studies
Prevalence
Receptors, Cell Surface - blood
Statistical analysis
Viral Load
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Summary:Objectives The key to newer therapeutic and eradication approaches often lies in understanding slow disease progression in HIV infection. The paediatric population has been poorly studied in this regard. We aimed to describe a cohort of perinatally infected long‐term nonprogressor (LTNP) children living with HIV in India and to evaluate the immune biomarkers of disease progression. Methods LTNPs (ART‐naïve, with a CD4 count ≥ 500 cells/μL at age ≥ 7 years) among the cohort of HIV‐infected children were identified and monitored longitudinally, and their CD4 T‐cell counts and plasma viral loads were measured every 6 months. The plasma monocyte/macrophage activation markers, namely soluble CD14 (sCD14), soluble CD163 (sCD163) and interferon‐inducible protein‐10 (IP‐10) were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in LTNPs and progressors. The Mann–Whitney U‐test was used to compare the two groups and P values
ISSN:1464-2662
1468-1293
DOI:10.1111/hiv.12751