Post-Structuring Radiology Reports of Breast Cancer Patients for Clinical Quality Assurance

Hospitals often set protocols based on well defined standards to maintain the quality of patient reports. To ensure that the clinicians conform to the protocols, quality assurance of these reports is needed. Patient reports are currently written in free-text format, which complicates the task of qua...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE/ACM transactions on computational biology and bioinformatics 2020-11, Vol.17 (6), p.1883-1894
Main Authors: Pathak, Shreyasi, van Rossen, Jorit, Vijlbrief, Onno, Geerdink, Jeroen, Seifert, Christin, van Keulen, Maurice
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
automatic structuring
Breast cancer
conditional random field
Conditional random fields
Format
Learning algorithms
Machine learning
Natural language processing
Patients
post-structuring
Quality assurance
Quality control
Radiology
radiology reports
Support vector machines
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Summary:Hospitals often set protocols based on well defined standards to maintain the quality of patient reports. To ensure that the clinicians conform to the protocols, quality assurance of these reports is needed. Patient reports are currently written in free-text format, which complicates the task of quality assurance. In this paper, we present a machine learning based natural language processing system for automatic quality assurance of radiology reports on breast cancer. This is achieved in three steps: we i) identify the top-level structure (headings) of the report, ii) classify the report content into the top-level headings, and iii) convert the free-text detailed findings in the report to a semi-structured format (post-structuring). Top level structure and content of report were predicted with an F1 score of 0.97 and 0.94, respectively, using Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers. For automatic structuring, our proposed hierarchical Conditional Random Field (CRF) outperformed the baseline CRF with an F1 score of 0.78 versus 0.71. The determined structure of the report is represented in semi-structured XML format of the free-text report, which helps to easily visualize the conformance of the findings to the protocols. This format also allows easy extraction of specific information for other purposes such as search, evaluation, and research.
ISSN:1545-5963
1557-9964
DOI:10.1109/TCBB.2019.2914678