Genetic regulation of aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, trichothecene, and fumonisin biosynthesis: A review

Mycotoxins are a significant food safety concern. Aflatoxins, trichothecenes, fumonisins, and ochratoxin A are considered the most important mycotoxins due to their frequent occurrence in food products and their well-known toxicity. The regulation of mycotoxin biosynthesis occurs mainly at transcrip...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International microbiology 2020, Vol.23 (1), p.89-96
Main Authors: Gil-Serna, Jéssica, Vázquez, Covadonga, Patiño, Belén
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aflatoxins
Applied Microbiology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biosynthesis
Eukaryotic Microbiology
Food safety
Fumonisins
Life Sciences
Medical Microbiology
Metabolites
Microbial Ecology
Microbiology
Mycotoxins
Ochratoxin A
Osmotic stress
Oxidative stress
Review
Toxicity
Transcription
Trichothecenes
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Summary:Mycotoxins are a significant food safety concern. Aflatoxins, trichothecenes, fumonisins, and ochratoxin A are considered the most important mycotoxins due to their frequent occurrence in food products and their well-known toxicity. The regulation of mycotoxin biosynthesis occurs mainly at transcriptional level, and specific regulators have been described in every biosynthetic cluster. Secondary metabolite production, including mycotoxin synthesis, is also regulated by general regulator pathways affected by light, osmotic stress and oxidative stress, among others. This review is focused on this genetic regulation of mycotoxin biosynthesis by specific genes and global regulators.
ISSN:1139-6709
1618-1905
DOI:10.1007/s10123-019-00084-2