Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Arthritis in Children

Purpose of Review Septic arthritis is limb and life-threatening condition which necessitates rapid diagnosis and treatment. It is important for a medical practitioner to be familiar with this condition. This review summarizes the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, comp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current infectious disease reports 2019-07, Vol.21 (7), p.23-12, Article 23
Main Authors: Ben-Zvi, Lior, Sebag, Diklah, Izhaki, Guy, Katz, Eldad, Bernfeld, Benjamin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arthritis
Children & youth
Disease management
Epidemiology
Infectious Diseases
Medical diagnosis
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Pediatric Infectious Diseases (I Brook
Pediatrics
Rheumatoid arthritis
Risk factors
Section Editor
Topical Collection on Pediatric Infectious Diseases
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Summary:Purpose of Review Septic arthritis is limb and life-threatening condition which necessitates rapid diagnosis and treatment. It is important for a medical practitioner to be familiar with this condition. This review summarizes the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, complications, as well as treatment and the following-up of this condition. Recent Findings Different causative organisms require unique diagnostic and treatment approaches. Establishing the diagnosis often requires multiple diagnostic modalities, some of which are new and innovative. Differential diagnosis requires excluding non-infectious inflammatory causes, such as reactive arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, transient synovitis, and pericapsular pyomyositis. There is no consensus regarding the nature or duration of pharmacological or surgical treatment. Treatment includes administration of appropriate antimicrobial therapy and including the use of steroids and drainage. The most common complications are osteonecrosis of the femoral head and chronic osteomyelitis. Summary Complications of septic arthritis are mostly due to a missed diagnosis. Further studies are required to better evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic choice.
ISSN:1523-3847
1534-3146
DOI:10.1007/s11908-019-0678-5