Fluid and total water intake in a senior mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk: demographic and lifestyle determinants in the PREDIMED-Plus study

• Published in: European journal of nutrition 2020-06, Vol.59 (4), p.1595-1606
• Main Authors: Paz-Graniel, Indira, Babio, Nancy, Serra-Majem, Luís, Vioque, Jesús, Zomeño, Maria Dolores, Corella, Dolores, Díaz-López, Andrés, Pintó, Xavier, Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora, Tur, Josep A., Daimiel, Lidia, Martínez, J. Alfredo, Becerra-Tomás, Nerea, Navarrete-Muñoz, Eva Mª, Schröder, Helmut, Fernández-Carrión, Rebeca, Ortiz-Andrellucchi, Adriana, Corbella, Emili, Riquelme-Gallego, Blanca, Gallardo-Alfaro, Laura, Micó, Víctor, Zulet, Marian, Barrubés, Laura, Fitó, Montserrat, Ruiz-Canela, Miguel, Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Beverages - statistics & numerical data; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drinking; Drinking Water - administration & dosage; Female; Fluid intake; Fluids; Geriatric Assessment; Health Behavior; Health risk assessment; Humans; Life Style; Lifestyles; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition; Original Contribution; Physical activity; Population studies; Regression analysis; Risk; Sex Factors; Sociodemographics; Sociological Factors; Spain - epidemiology; Water intake
• ISSN: 1436-6207; 1436-6215
• DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02015-3

Purpose We aimed to evaluate associations between compliance with recommendations for total water intake (TWI) and total water intake from fluids (TWIF), and some socio-demographic and lifestyle factors of a senior Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. Methods Cross-sectional analysis with data of 1902 participants from the PREDIMED-Plus study. A validated 32-item Spanish fluid-intake questionnaire was used to assess beverage consumption and water intake. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) for complying with European Food Safety Agency recommendations for TWI and TWIF according to various socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, and for the joint associations of Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherence and moderate–vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Results The mean total volume of fluid intake in the population studied was 1934 ± 617 mL/day. Water was the most frequently consumed beverage. Significant differences between sex were only observed in alcoholic and hot beverage consumption. Compliance with TWIF was associated with being women (OR 3.02; 2.40, 3.80), high adherence to MedDiet (OR 1.07; 1.02, 1.12), and participants who were more engaged in physical activity (PA) (OR 1.07; 1.02, 1.13). Age was inversely associated (OR 0.96; 0.94, 0.98). Similar results for TWI recommendations compliance were observed in relation to being women (OR 5.34; 3.85, 7.42), adherence to MedDiet (OR 1.16; 1.02, 1.31) and PA (OR 1.07; 1.00, 1.15). The joint association of PA and MedDiet, showed that participants with higher adherence to MedDiet and meeting WHO recommendations for MVPA complied better with the TWI recommendations (OR 1.66; 1.19, 2.32). Conclusions High compliance with recommendations for TWI was associated with being a woman, and a healthy lifestyle characterized by high adherence to the MedDiet and PA.