Eye Refraction in Doubly Exchanged Monozygotic Twins

This case study examined the hypothesis that longer outdoor time results in normal vision and refractive status, using unique genetically informative kinships. The participants were the members of 29-year-old doubly exchanged monozygotic male twin pairs from Bogotá, Colombia, in South America. Compr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Twin research and human genetics 2019-06, Vol.22 (3), p.177-182
Main Authors: Segal, Nancy L., Montoya, Yesika S., Peña, Fernando Y., Burgos, Stephany, Katz, Ximena
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acuity
Adult
Birth weight
Child Rearing
Diseases in Twins - epidemiology
Environment
Families & family life
Farming
Female
Humans
Incidence
Infant, Newborn
Influence
Life history
Life Style
Lifestyles
Low birth weight
Male
Middle Aged
Myopia
Myopia - epidemiology
Outdoor activities
Outdoors
Premature birth
Refraction
Refraction, Ocular - physiology
Strabismus
Twin studies
Twins
Twins, Monozygotic
United States - epidemiology
Vision
Visual Acuity
Young adults
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Summary:This case study examined the hypothesis that longer outdoor time results in normal vision and refractive status, using unique genetically informative kinships. The participants were the members of 29-year-old doubly exchanged monozygotic male twin pairs from Bogotá, Colombia, in South America. Comprehensive ophthalmological examinations, including uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, refraction and keratometry, and visual life history interviews were undertaken; all examinations were conducted by two ophthalmologists blind to the hypothesis, relatedness, and rearing status of the four participants. Normal uncorrected vision and refractive status were present in the two rural-raised, unrelated brothers, relative to their urban-raised counterparts. Uncorrected visual acuities were 20/160 and 20/200 for the city-raised twins and 20/20 and 20/30 for the country-raised twins. Premature birth, low birth weight, computer use, and reading time could not explain these differences. It was concluded that time spent outdoors appears to be a significant factor in the development of myopia, reinforcing extant findings via a novel experimental approach.
ISSN:1832-4274
1839-2628
DOI:10.1017/thg.2019.26