Apolipoprotein E genetic variants interact with Mediterranean diet to modulate postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in coronary heart disease patients: CORDIOPREV study

• Published in: European journal of clinical investigation 2019-08, Vol.49 (8), p.e13146-n/a
• Main Authors: Gomez‐Delgado, Francisco, Alcala‐Diaz, Juan Francisco, Leon‐Acuña, Ana, Lopez‐Moreno, Javier, Delgado‐Lista, Javier, Gomez‐Marin, Beatriz, Roncero‐Ramos, Irene, Yubero‐Serrano, Elena M., Rangel‐Zuñiga, Oriol Alberto, Vals‐Delgado, Cristina, Luque, Raul M., Ordovas, Jose M., Lopez‐Miranda, Jose, Perez‐Martinez, Pablo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alleles; APOE genetic variants; Apolipoprotein E; Apolipoproteins; Apolipoproteins E - genetics; Blood Glucose; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; CORDIOPREV study; Coronary artery disease; Coronary Disease - complications; Coronary Disease - genetics; Diet; Diet, Fat-Restricted; Diet, Mediterranean; Fat load; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Genetic diversity; Genetic variance; gene‐diet interaction; Genotyping; Heart diseases; Humans; Hypertriglyceridemia; Hypertriglyceridemia - blood; Hypertriglyceridemia - etiology; Hypertriglyceridemia - genetics; Hypertriglyceridemia - prevention & control; Lipoproteins; Load tests; Low fat diet; Male; Mediterranean diet; Middle Aged; Nucleotides; Nutrient deficiency; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; postprandial lipemia; Postprandial Period; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Triglycerides
• ISSN: 0014-2972; 1365-2362
• DOI: 10.1111/eci.13146

Background We try to explore whether long‐term consumption of two healthy dietary patterns (low‐fat [LF] diet or Mediterranean diet [MedDiet]) interacts with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs: rs439401, rs440446 and rs7412) modulating postprandial hypertriglyceridemia (ppHTG) in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Methods and results We selected patients from the CORDIOPREV study with genotyping and who underwent an oral fat load test (FLT) at baseline and after 3 years follow‐up (n = 506). After 3 years of follow‐up, we found a gene‐diet interaction between the APOE rs439401 SNP and MedDiet. Specifically, T‐allele carriers in the MedDiet group showed a more significant decrease in postprandial triglycerides (TG: P = 0.03) and large triacylglycerol‐rich lipoproteins (TRLs) TG (large TRLs TG; P = 0.01) compared with CC subjects. Consistently, the area under the curve of TG (AUC‐TG; P‐interaction = 0.03) and AUC‐large TRLs TG (P‐interaction = 0.02) were significantly lower in T‐allele carriers compared with CC subjects. Conclusions The long‐term consumption of a MedDiet modulates ppHTG through APOE genetic variants in CHD patients. This gene‐diet interaction may contribute to a more precise dietary advice in CHD patients.