Polyphasic Discrimination of Trichophyton tonsurans and T. equinum from Humans and Horses

The anthropophilic dermatophyte Trichophyton tonsurans and its zoophilic counterpart T . equinum are phylogenetically closely related. The barcoding marker rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) shows limited variation between these two species. In the current study, we combined molecular approaches...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mycopathologia (1975) 2020-02, Vol.185 (1), p.113-122
Main Authors: Kandemir, Hazal, Dukik, Karolina, Hagen, Ferry, Ilkit, Macit, Gräser, Yvonne, de Hoog, G. Sybren
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amplified fragment length polymorphism
Biodiversity
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Culture media
Dependence
Eukaryotic Microbiology
Fungal infections
Genes
Horses
Life Sciences
Medical Microbiology
Microbial Ecology
Microbiology
Niacin
Original Paper
Phylogeny
Physiology
Plant Sciences
Polymorphism
Software
Spacer
Species
Taxonomy
Translation elongation
Trichophyton tonsurans
Tubulin
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Summary:The anthropophilic dermatophyte Trichophyton tonsurans and its zoophilic counterpart T . equinum are phylogenetically closely related. The barcoding marker rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) shows limited variation between these two species. In the current study, we combined molecular approaches with phenotypic data to determine the species boundaries between T . tonsurans ( n  = 52) and T . equinum ( n  = 15) strains originating from humans ( n  = 40), horses ( n  = 26), and a mouse ( n  = 1). Culture characteristics and physiology on Trichophyton agar media 1 and 5 were evaluated. Multi-locus sequencing involving ITS, partial large rDNA subunit (LSU), β-tubulin ( TUB ), 60S ribosomal protein ( RPB ), and translation elongation factor-3 ( TEF3 ) genes, and the mating-type ( MAT ) locus was performed. Amplified fragment length polymorphism data were added. None of the test results showed complete mutual correspondence. With the exception of strains from New Zealand, strains of equine origin required niacin for growth, whereas most strains from human origin did not show this dependence. It is concluded that T . tonsurans and T . equinum incompletely diverged from a common lineage relatively recently. MAT1 - 1 and MAT1 - 2 are the main distinguishing genes between the two species.
ISSN:0301-486X
1573-0832
DOI:10.1007/s11046-019-00344-9