Epigenetics: The master control of endothelial cell fate in cancer

The development of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature is called angiogenesis. The growth of tumors depends on a network of supplying vessels that provide them with oxygen and nutrients. Pro-angiogenic factors that are secreted by tumors will trigger the sprouting of nearby existing bloo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Life sciences (1973) 2019-09, Vol.232, p.116652-116652, Article 116652
Main Authors: V.Subramaniam, Ayappa, Yehya, Ashwaq Hamid Salem, Cheng, Wei kang, Wang, Xiaomeng, Oon, Chern Ein
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acid sequence
Angiogenesis
Blood vessels
Cell fate
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA methylation
Endothelial cells
Epigenetics
Histone modification
Inhibition
microRNA
miRNA
Nucleotide sequence
Nutrients
Proteins
Regulatory mechanisms (biology)
Regulatory sequences
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA-mediated interference
Tumors
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Summary:The development of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature is called angiogenesis. The growth of tumors depends on a network of supplying vessels that provide them with oxygen and nutrients. Pro-angiogenic factors that are secreted by tumors will trigger the sprouting of nearby existing blood vessels towards themselves and therefore researchers have developed targeted therapy towards these pro-angiogenic proteins to inhibit angiogenesis. However, certain pro-angiogenic proteins tend to bypass the inhibition. Thus, instead of targeting these expressed proteins, research towards angiogenesis inhibition had been focused on a deeper scale, epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms are a heritable change in a sequence of stable but reversible gene function modification yet do not affect the DNA primary sequence directly. Methylation of DNA, modification of histone and silencing of micro-RNA (miRNA)-associated gene are currently considered to initiate and sustain epigenetic changes. Recent findings on the subject matter have provided an insight into the mechanism of epigenetic modifications, thus this review aims to present an update on the latest studies. [Display omitted]
ISSN:0024-3205
1879-0631
DOI:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116652