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Knee isokinetic muscle strength and balance ratio in female soccer players of different age groups: a cross-sectional study

Background: As a consequence of years of soccer training and sexual maturation, there is an increase in lower body muscle mass and strength especially in the knee extensors and flexors muscles. In this context, the lack of knee joint stability, resulting from strength imbalance between knee extensor...

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Published in:The Physician and sportsmedicine 2020-01, Vol.48 (1), p.105-109
Main Authors: Vargas, Valentine Zimermann, Motta, Caroline, Peres, Beatriz, Vancini, Rodrigo Luiz, Andre Barbosa De Lira, Claudio, Andrade, Marilia Santos
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container_title The Physician and sportsmedicine
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creator Vargas, Valentine Zimermann
Motta, Caroline
Peres, Beatriz
Vancini, Rodrigo Luiz
Andre Barbosa De Lira, Claudio
Andrade, Marilia Santos
description Background: As a consequence of years of soccer training and sexual maturation, there is an increase in lower body muscle mass and strength especially in the knee extensors and flexors muscles. In this context, the lack of knee joint stability, resulting from strength imbalance between knee extensor and flexors muscles, has been associated with knee injuries. The aim of this study was to compare the knee flexor and extensor muscle peak torque, average power, contralateral deficit, conventional and functional balance ratios of female soccer players from different age groups. Methods: Sixty-six female soccer players were divided into four groups: under 13 (U13), under 15 (U15), under 17 (U17) years old and professional (PRO). Flexor and extensor knee muscle strength in concentric and eccentric actions of both limbs were assessed using isokinetic dynamometer. Results: For the dominant limb, the knee concentric extensor muscles peak torques, assessed at 60 and at 240 deg/sec, and the average power of U15 group were significantly higher than U13 group. Extensor muscle average power of the PRO group was higher than U17. Dominant knee flexor average power of U15 was significantly higher than the U13 group. Peak torque at 60 deg/sec and 240 deg/sec and average power of the PRO group were higher than the U17 group. No differences were found regarding the eccentric action for flexor and extensor muscles. Conventional and functional balance ratios were similar among all age group, except for U13, which presented higher values than the U15 group for the dominant limb. Conclusions: The greatest improvement in muscular performance occur when the athlete starts practicing soccer (after U13) and when they become professional (after U17) and the balance ratios, and muscle balance ratios remain stable in all age groups, although they are below the recommended level in the literature, which may increase the risk for lower limb injury.
doi_str_mv 10.1080/00913847.2019.1642808
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In this context, the lack of knee joint stability, resulting from strength imbalance between knee extensor and flexors muscles, has been associated with knee injuries. The aim of this study was to compare the knee flexor and extensor muscle peak torque, average power, contralateral deficit, conventional and functional balance ratios of female soccer players from different age groups. Methods: Sixty-six female soccer players were divided into four groups: under 13 (U13), under 15 (U15), under 17 (U17) years old and professional (PRO). Flexor and extensor knee muscle strength in concentric and eccentric actions of both limbs were assessed using isokinetic dynamometer. Results: For the dominant limb, the knee concentric extensor muscles peak torques, assessed at 60 and at 240 deg/sec, and the average power of U15 group were significantly higher than U13 group. Extensor muscle average power of the PRO group was higher than U17. Dominant knee flexor average power of U15 was significantly higher than the U13 group. Peak torque at 60 deg/sec and 240 deg/sec and average power of the PRO group were higher than the U17 group. No differences were found regarding the eccentric action for flexor and extensor muscles. Conventional and functional balance ratios were similar among all age group, except for U13, which presented higher values than the U15 group for the dominant limb. Conclusions: The greatest improvement in muscular performance occur when the athlete starts practicing soccer (after U13) and when they become professional (after U17) and the balance ratios, and muscle balance ratios remain stable in all age groups, although they are below the recommended level in the literature, which may increase the risk for lower limb injury.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0091-3847</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2326-3660</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2326-3660</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2019.1642808</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31307251</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Taylor &amp; Francis</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; dynamometer ; Female ; Humans ; knee ; Knee - physiology ; muscle strength ; Muscle Strength - physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology ; physical exercise ; Sex Factors ; Soccer ; Soccer - physiology ; Torque ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>The Physician and sportsmedicine, 2020-01, Vol.48 (1), p.105-109</ispartof><rights>2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c366t-b5e5b3a35b56c6120bbd228da0e0df494bfe5d053efa72d40e839288bd930a033</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c366t-b5e5b3a35b56c6120bbd228da0e0df494bfe5d053efa72d40e839288bd930a033</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5749-6877</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27900,27901</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31307251$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Vargas, Valentine Zimermann</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Motta, Caroline</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peres, Beatriz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vancini, Rodrigo Luiz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andre Barbosa De Lira, Claudio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andrade, Marilia Santos</creatorcontrib><title>Knee isokinetic muscle strength and balance ratio in female soccer players of different age groups: a cross-sectional study</title><title>The Physician and sportsmedicine</title><addtitle>Phys Sportsmed</addtitle><description>Background: As a consequence of years of soccer training and sexual maturation, there is an increase in lower body muscle mass and strength especially in the knee extensors and flexors muscles. In this context, the lack of knee joint stability, resulting from strength imbalance between knee extensor and flexors muscles, has been associated with knee injuries. The aim of this study was to compare the knee flexor and extensor muscle peak torque, average power, contralateral deficit, conventional and functional balance ratios of female soccer players from different age groups. Methods: Sixty-six female soccer players were divided into four groups: under 13 (U13), under 15 (U15), under 17 (U17) years old and professional (PRO). Flexor and extensor knee muscle strength in concentric and eccentric actions of both limbs were assessed using isokinetic dynamometer. Results: For the dominant limb, the knee concentric extensor muscles peak torques, assessed at 60 and at 240 deg/sec, and the average power of U15 group were significantly higher than U13 group. Extensor muscle average power of the PRO group was higher than U17. Dominant knee flexor average power of U15 was significantly higher than the U13 group. Peak torque at 60 deg/sec and 240 deg/sec and average power of the PRO group were higher than the U17 group. No differences were found regarding the eccentric action for flexor and extensor muscles. Conventional and functional balance ratios were similar among all age group, except for U13, which presented higher values than the U15 group for the dominant limb. Conclusions: The greatest improvement in muscular performance occur when the athlete starts practicing soccer (after U13) and when they become professional (after U17) and the balance ratios, and muscle balance ratios remain stable in all age groups, although they are below the recommended level in the literature, which may increase the risk for lower limb injury.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>dynamometer</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>knee</subject><subject>Knee - physiology</subject><subject>muscle strength</subject><subject>Muscle Strength - physiology</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</subject><subject>physical exercise</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Soccer</subject><subject>Soccer - physiology</subject><subject>Torque</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0091-3847</issn><issn>2326-3660</issn><issn>2326-3660</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kMuO1DAQRS0EYpqBTwB5ySZN2Y4ThxVoxEuMxAbWlh_lxpDEjZ1o1OLncegelnhTm3NvuQ4hzxnsGSh4BTAwodp-z4ENe9a1XIF6QHZc8K4RXQcPyW5jmg26Ik9K-QHbE_1jciWYgJ5LtiO_P8-INJb0M864REentbgRaVkyzoflOzWzp9aMZnZIs1lionGmASezQck5zPQ4mhPmQlOgPoaANblQc0B6yGk9ltfUUJdTKU1BVwtmM9b61Z-ekkfBjAWfXeY1-fb-3debj83tlw-fbt7eNq7esTRWorTCCGll5zrGwVrPufIGEHxoh9YGlB6kwGB67ltAJQaulPWDAANCXJOX595jTr9WLIueYnE41qMwrUVzLlXfDoqzisoz-vfDGYM-5jiZfNIM9OZd33vXm3d98V5zLy4rVjuh_5e6F12BN2cgziHlydylPHq9mNOYcsjVbiwV_u-OP-PXk6k</recordid><startdate>20200102</startdate><enddate>20200102</enddate><creator>Vargas, Valentine Zimermann</creator><creator>Motta, Caroline</creator><creator>Peres, Beatriz</creator><creator>Vancini, Rodrigo Luiz</creator><creator>Andre Barbosa De Lira, Claudio</creator><creator>Andrade, Marilia Santos</creator><general>Taylor &amp; 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Dominant knee flexor average power of U15 was significantly higher than the U13 group. Peak torque at 60 deg/sec and 240 deg/sec and average power of the PRO group were higher than the U17 group. No differences were found regarding the eccentric action for flexor and extensor muscles. Conventional and functional balance ratios were similar among all age group, except for U13, which presented higher values than the U15 group for the dominant limb. 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source Taylor and Francis Science and Technology Collection
subjects Adolescent
Adult
Age Factors
Child
Cross-Sectional Studies
dynamometer
Female
Humans
knee
Knee - physiology
muscle strength
Muscle Strength - physiology
Muscle, Skeletal - physiology
physical exercise
Sex Factors
Soccer
Soccer - physiology
Torque
Young Adult
title Knee isokinetic muscle strength and balance ratio in female soccer players of different age groups: a cross-sectional study
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