From left ventricular ejection fraction to cardiac hemodynamics: role of echocardiography in evaluating patients with heart failure

In clinical practice heart failure (HF) patients are generally classified on the basis of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction. This approach, however, has important limitations. According to the definition of HF as a clinical syndrome that results from any impairment of LV filling or ejection of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Heart failure reviews 2020-03, Vol.25 (2), p.217-230
Main Authors: Mele, Donato, Andrade, Aurora, Bettencourt, Paulo, Moura, Brenda, Pestelli, Gabriele, Ferrari, Roberto
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardiology
Clinical medicine
Congestive heart failure
Echocardiography
Echocardiography, Doppler - methods
Ejection fraction
Heart failure
Heart Failure - diagnosis
Heart Failure - physiopathology
Hemodynamics
Hemodynamics - physiology
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Noninvasive evaluation
Stroke Volume - physiology
Ventricle
Ventricular Function, Left - physiology
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Summary:In clinical practice heart failure (HF) patients are generally classified on the basis of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction. This approach, however, has important limitations. According to the definition of HF as a clinical syndrome that results from any impairment of LV filling or ejection of blood, a more articulated hemodynamic categorization of HF patients taking into account both LV forward flow and filling pressure would be desirable. However, the reliability of hemodynamic measures using echocardiographic techniques, which are the most used in current clinical practice for evaluation of HF patients, needs to be clarified. The aim of this article, therefore, is to verify whether echocardiography has acceptable feasibility, accuracy and reproducibility for the noninvasive evaluation of LV hemodynamics. This evaluation is necessary to progress to a hemodynamic characterization of HF patients that would ultimately overcome the HF classification based on ejection fraction.
ISSN:1382-4147
1573-7322
DOI:10.1007/s10741-019-09826-w