Salmonella monitoring programs in Australian feed mills: a retrospective analysis

The availability of safe, commercially prepared stock feed for production animals is an important step in ensuring animal health and welfare and the safety of food animal products for human consumption. Animal feed quality assurance programs include microbiological monitoring of raw materials, mill...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Australian veterinary journal 2019-09, Vol.97 (9), p.336-342
Main Authors: Parker, EM, Edwards, LJ, Mollenkopf, DF, Ballash, GA, Wittum, TE, Parker, AJ
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal Feed
Animal Feed - microbiology
Animal products
Animals
Australia
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Feeds
Food Microbiology
Food production
Food safety
Linear Models
Microbiology
Mills
Public health
Quality assurance
Quality control
Raw materials
Retrospective Studies
Risk reduction
Salmonella
Salmonella - isolation & purification
Salmonella Infections, Animal - prevention & control
Serotypes
Serotyping
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Summary:The availability of safe, commercially prepared stock feed for production animals is an important step in ensuring animal health and welfare and the safety of food animal products for human consumption. Animal feed quality assurance programs include microbiological monitoring of raw materials, mill equipment and finished feed. Over a period of 16 years, 23,963 samples for Salmonella culture and serotyping were collected from 22 stock feed mills. A multivariable generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to identify mill and sample type factors that increase the odds of detecting Salmonella. The odds of detecting a Salmonella positive sample was greatest in samples from raw materials and in mills that processed restricted animal material (RAM). The percentage of positive samples ranged from 7.2% in 2003 to 2.8% in 2017. Of the 1,069 positive samples, 976 were serotyped with 61 different Salmonella serotypes isolated. The serotype most frequently isolated from raw materials was S. Agona, (n = 108) whilst S. Anatum was the serotype most frequently isolated from equipment and finished feed (n = 156). The diversity of Salmonella serotypes differed between mills and different stages of the production line. Microbiological monitoring in the commercial preparation of animal feed in Australian stock feed mills guides the implementation of quality control measures and risk mitigation strategies thereby reducing the prevalence and diversity of potentially zoonotic bacteria such as Salmonella, enhancing food safety for both animal and consumer.
ISSN:0005-0423
1751-0813
DOI:10.1111/avj.12851