Bio-organic stabilizing agent shows promising prospect for the stabilization of cadmium in contaminated farmland soil

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2019-08, Vol.26 (23), p.23399-23406
• Main Authors: Xiong, Zhenqian, Zhang, Junqing, Cai, Peng, Chen, Wenli, Huang, Qiaoyun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agricultural economics; Agricultural land; Agricultural pollution; Agricultural production; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Bacteria; Cadmium; Charcoal; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Farming; Heavy metals; Immobilization; Leaves; Lettuce; Oryza; Research Article; Rice straw; Soil contamination; Soil lime; Soil pollution; Soil remediation; Soil stabilization; Soil treatment; Straw; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05619-8

In situ immobilization of cadmium (Cd) has been considered as a cost-effective and non-disruptive remediation technique for Cd-contaminated soils. In this study, several immobilization approaches were compared in a Cd-contaminated agricultural farmland. The soil was treated with different combinations of the immobilizing agents such as biochar (C), rice straw (RS), lime (L), and engineered bacteria P. putida X4/pIME (B). The plant yield and Cd uptake of lettuce as well as soil Cd fractionations were measured. The Cd content in lettuce leaves and roots decreased by 46.8~67.2% and 36.8~60.2%, respectively. Among the five treatments, combined rice straw, lime, and engineered bacteria treatment showed the lowest Cd concentration in lettuce leaves (0.14 mg/kg) and the highest plant yield (21.5 t/ha). The alleviating effects are assigned to the significant transformation of water soluble and exchangeable Cd to humic substance bound, strong organic bound and residual Cd in the soils. This study suggests that this bio-organic stabilizing agent is more cost-effective than some other immobilization agents reported previously, and shows a great application prospect in improving agriculture production of heavy metal-polluted agricultural soils.