Chemical and physicochemical characterization of effluents from the tanning and textile industries in Bangladesh with multivariate statistical approach

• Published in: Environmental monitoring and assessment 2019-09, Vol.191 (9), p.575-575, Article 575
• Main Authors: Ahsan, Md. Aminul, Satter, Farjana, Siddique, Md. Abu Bakar, Akbor, Md. Ahedul, Ahmed, Shamim, Shajahan, Md, Khan, Rahat
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anions; Anions - analysis; Anions - chemistry; Anthropogenic factors; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Atomic absorption analysis; Bangladesh; Biochemical oxygen demand; Cadmium; Chromium; Cluster analysis; Copper; Correlation analysis; Dissolved oxygen; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecology; Ecotoxicology; Effluents; Electrical conductivity; Electrical resistivity; Environment; Environmental Management; Environmental monitoring; Environmental Monitoring - methods; Environmental pollution; Environmental science; Gravimetry; Heavy metals; Industrial effluents; Industrial Waste - analysis; Industrial wastes; Industrial wastewater; Industry; Iron; Manganese; Metal concentrations; Metals; Metals, Heavy - analysis; Metals, Heavy - chemistry; Monitoring/Environmental Analysis; Multivariate Analysis; Nickel; Nitrogen dioxide; Organic chemistry; Oxygen; Oxygen demand; Oxygen requirement; Parameter identification; Parameters; pH effects; Physicochemical processes; Physicochemical properties; Pollutant identification; Pollutants; Pollution; Pollution sources; Principal components analysis; Solid suspensions; Spectral analysis; Statistical analysis; Statistical methods; Suspended particulate matter; Tannery wastes; Tanning; Textile Industry; Total dissolved solids; Total oxygen demand; Total suspended solids; Turbidity; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis; Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry; Zinc
• ISSN: 0167-6369; 1573-2959
• DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7654-2

Industrial effluents are one of the foremost concerns relating to the anthropogenic environmental pollution. The effluents from the tanning and textile industries in Dhaka, Bangladesh, were characterized chemically and physicochemically with multivariate statistical techniques. The concentrations of heavy metals viz. , Pb, Cd, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer while concentrations of anions viz. , F − , Cl − , NO 2 − , NO 3 − , and SO 4 2− were measured by ion chromatograph. The physicochemical parameters viz. , temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and biological oxygen demand (BOD) were measured by a multiparameter meter while total suspended solids (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were measured gravimetrically. This study showed that effluents from both industries demonstrated high levels of TSS, TDS, EC, and heavy metals. Tannery effluents have lower pH and DO, and higher BOD, Cl − , SO 4 2− , and Cr concentrations while textile dyeing effluents have higher pH, NO 2 − , and NO 3 − concentrations, compared to the standard limits promulgated by the Bangladesh government. Multivariate statistical techniques such as cluster analysis and principal component analysis along with the correlation matrices showed significant association among the measured parameters and identified pollution sources as well as effluent types in the study area which could be linked to the processes used in textile dying and tanning industries. This study will be useful for identifying pollutants emanating from the two industries and will guide future industrial aquatic studies where multiple industrial runoffs are concerned.