Can implants move in bone? A longitudinal in vivo micro‐CT analysis of implants under constant forces in rat vertebrae

Objectives Whereas stationary stability of implants has been postulated for decades, recent studies suggested a phenomenon termed implant migration. This describes a change in position of implants as a reaction to applied forces. The present study aims at employing image registration of in vivo micr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical oral implants research 2019-12, Vol.30 (12), p.1179-1189
Main Authors: Becker, Kathrin, Schwarz, Frank, Rauch, Nicole Jasmin, Khalaph, Silava, Mihatovic, Ilja, Drescher, Dieter
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apposition
Bone and Bones
Bone implants
Bone Remodeling
bone‐screw
Chi-square test
Computed tomography
Contraction
Dental Implants
Dentistry
Euclidean geometry
Image registration
implant movement
implant stability
In vivo methods and tests
in vivo micro‐CT
Medical imaging
Nickel
orthodontic mini‐implant
Orthodontics
Osseointegration
Rats
Spine
Stability
Surgery
Surgical implants
Thickening
Titanium
Vertebrae
X-Ray Microtomography
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Summary:Objectives Whereas stationary stability of implants has been postulated for decades, recent studies suggested a phenomenon termed implant migration. This describes a change in position of implants as a reaction to applied forces. The present study aims at employing image registration of in vivo micro‐CT scans from different time points and to assess (a) if migration of continuously loaded implants is possible and (b) migration correlates with the force magnitude. Material and methods Two customized machined implants were placed in the dorsal portion of caudal vertebrae in n = 61 rats and exposed to standardized forces (0.5 N, 1.0 N, and 1.5 N) applied through a flat nickel–titanium contraction spring, or no forces (control). Micro‐CT scans were performed at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after surgery. The baseline image was registered with the forthcoming scans. Implant migration was measured as the Euclidean distance between implant tips. Bone remodeling was assessed between the baseline and the forthcoming scans. Results The findings confirmed a positional change of the implants at 2 and 8 weeks of healing, and a linear association between applied force and velocity of movement (anterior implant: χ2 = 12.12, df = 3, and p = .007 and posterior implant: χ2 = 20.35, df = 3, and p 
ISSN:0905-7161
1600-0501
DOI:10.1111/clr.13531