Validation of the Pictorial Fit-Frail Scale in a memory clinic setting

Objective:To assess the feasibility, reliability, and validity of the Pictorial Fit-Frail Scale (PFFS) among patients, caregivers, nurses, and geriatricians in an outpatient memory clinic.Design:Observational study.Setting:A Canadian referral-based outpatient memory clinic.Participants:Fifty-one con...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International psychogeriatrics 2020-09, Vol.32 (9), p.1063-1072
Main Authors: Wallace, Lindsay M. K., McGarrigle, Lisa, Rockwood, Kenneth, Andrew, Melissa K., Theou, Olga
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ambulatory care
Caregivers
Dementia
Frailty
Geriatrics
Informed consent
Memory
Mini-Mental State Examination
Nurses
Older people
Original Research Article
Patients
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Summary:Objective:To assess the feasibility, reliability, and validity of the Pictorial Fit-Frail Scale (PFFS) among patients, caregivers, nurses, and geriatricians in an outpatient memory clinic.Design:Observational study.Setting:A Canadian referral-based outpatient memory clinic.Participants:Fifty-one consecutive patients and/or their caregivers, as well as attending nurses and geriatricians.Measurements:Participants (patients, caregivers, nurses, and geriatricians) were asked to complete the PFFS based on the patient’s current level of functioning. Time-to-complete and level of assistance required was recorded. Participants also completed a demographic survey and patients’ medical history (including the Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE], and Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment [CGA]) was obtained via chart review.Results:Patient participants had a mean age of 77.3±10.1 years, and average MMSE of 22.0±7.0, and 53% were female. Participants were able to complete the PFFS with minimal assistance, and their average times to completion were 4:38±2:09, 3:11±1:16, 1:05±0:19, and 0:57±0:30 (mins:sec) for patients, caregivers, nurses, and geriatricians, respectively. Mean PFFS scores as rated by patients, caregivers, nurses, and geriatricians were 9.0±5.7, 13.1±6.6, 11.2±4.5, 11.9±5.9, respectively. Patients with low MMSE scores (0–24) took significantly longer to complete the scale and had higher PFFS scores. Inter-rater reliability between nurses and geriatricians was 0.74, but it was lower when assessments were done for patients with low MMSE scores (0.47, p
ISSN:1041-6102
1741-203X
DOI:10.1017/S1041610219000905