Pre‐ and post‐serial metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota as a prognostic factor in patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Summary The human gut harbours diverse microorganisms, and gut dysbiosis has recently attracted attention because of its possible involvement in various diseases. In particular, the lack of diversity in the gut microbiota has been associated with complications of haematopoietic stem cell transplanta...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of haematology 2020-02, Vol.188 (3), p.438-449
Main Authors: Kusakabe, Shinsuke, Fukushima, Kentaro, Maeda, Tetsuo, Motooka, Daisuke, Nakamura, Shota, Fujita, Jiro, Yokota, Takafumi, Shibayama, Hirohiko, Oritani, Kenji, Kanakura, Yuzuru
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autografts
beta‐diversity
Complications
Digestive system
Dysbacteriosis
Gastrointestinal tract
gut microbiota
Hematology
Hematopoietic stem cells
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Metagenomics
Microbiota
Microorganisms
next‐generation sequencing
rRNA 16S
Stem cell transplantation
Stem cells
Transplantation
Transplants & implants
uniFrac analysis
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Summary:Summary The human gut harbours diverse microorganisms, and gut dysbiosis has recently attracted attention because of its possible involvement in various diseases. In particular, the lack of diversity in the gut microbiota has been associated with complications of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), such as infections, acute graft‐versus‐host disease and relapse of primary disease, which lead to a poor prognosis. However, few studies have serially examined the composition of the intestinal microbiota after HSCT. In this study, we demonstrated, using next‐generation sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene, combined with uniFrac distance analysis, that the intestinal microbiota of patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT substantially differed from that of healthy controls and recipients of autologous transplants. Faecal samples were obtained daily throughout the clinical course, before and after transplantation. Notably, the proportions of Bifidobacterium and genera categorized as butyrate‐producing bacteria were significantly lower in patients with allogeneic HSCT than in healthy controls. Furthermore, among allogeneic transplant recipients, a subgroup with a preserved microbiota composition showed a benign course, whereas patients with a skewed microbiota showed a high frequency of complications and mortality after transplantation. Thus, we conclude that the stability of intestinal microbiota is critically involved in outcomes of HSCT.
ISSN:0007-1048
1365-2141
DOI:10.1111/bjh.16205