Immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D and its potential role in the prevention and treatment of thyroid autoimmunity: a narrative review

The main role of vitamin D is to control mineral homeostasis. However, recent studies suggested the existence of a number of extraskeletal effects. Among the latter, preclinical studies provided consistent data on the involvement of vitamin D in innate and adaptive immunity and autoimmunity. Molecul...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of endocrinological investigation 2020-04, Vol.43 (4), p.413-429
Main Authors: Gallo, D., Mortara, L., Gariboldi, M. B., Cattaneo, S. A. M., Rosetti, S., Gentile, L., Noonan, D. M., Premoli, P., Cusini, C., Tanda, M. L., Bartalena, L., Piantanida, E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive immunity
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmune Diseases - blood
Autoimmune Diseases - drug therapy
Autoimmune Diseases - immunology
Autoimmune Diseases - prevention & control
Autoimmunity
Autoimmunity - drug effects
Clinical trials
Endocrinology
Homeostasis
Humans
Immunomodulation
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Short Review
Thyroid
Thyroid Diseases - blood
Thyroid Diseases - drug therapy
Thyroid Diseases - immunology
Thyroid Diseases - prevention & control
Thyroid gland
Thyroid Gland - drug effects
Vitamin D
Vitamin D - administration & dosage
Vitamin D - blood
Vitamin D - therapeutic use
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Summary:The main role of vitamin D is to control mineral homeostasis. However, recent studies suggested the existence of a number of extraskeletal effects. Among the latter, preclinical studies provided consistent data on the involvement of vitamin D in innate and adaptive immunity and autoimmunity. Molecular biology studies showed that both vitamin D receptor and vitamin D enzymatic complexes are expressed in a large number of cells and tissues unrelated to mineral homeostasis. In contrast, only a few randomized clinical trials in humans investigated the possible role of vitamin D in the prevention or treatment of immunological disorders. In this regard, low serum vitamin D levels have been reported in observational trials in human autoimmune disorders. The aim of the present paper was to review the potential implications of vitamin D in immune modulation, with special focus on thyroid autoimmune disorders.
ISSN:1720-8386
0391-4097
1720-8386
DOI:10.1007/s40618-019-01123-5